Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Culture, Self, and Communication

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Human and Mediated Communication around the World

  • 1657 Accesses

Abstract

The worldviews that are at the basis of communication are related to the concept of self which varies between being a person as an autonomous, independent entity, and an interdependent entity who is part of an encompassing social relationship. This influences views of concepts such as personality, identity, and image. Variations in personhood and the self in relation to others influence communication style. Concepts like self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-enhancement are related, and these explain variations in usage of social media. Also the degree to which people disclose themselves to others influences use of the new media. Varying family relationships influence media usage and so do differences in perceptual activities. How people perceive and create pictures, their aesthetic experiences and preferences, all are influenced by culture. Most important is the way people process information, actively or passively, consciously or unconsciously. Cultures can be mapped as to verbal and nonverbal communication style.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literature

  • Aaker, J. L., & Sengupta, J. (2000). Additivity versus attenuation: The role of culture in resolution of information incongruity. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 2, 67–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abraham, W. E. (1962). The mind of Africa. London: Weidenfeld and Nicoloson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adande, J. C. E. (1998). The unique and the multiple in Africa. Diogenes, 46(3), 25–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aslam, M. M. (2006). Are you selling the right colour? A cross-cultural review of colour as a marketing cue. Journal of Marketing Communications, 12(1), 15–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berkhout, K. (2007, March 2). Chinese storm. De hausse van de hedendaagse kunst uit China. NRC Handelsblad, p. 17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bringué Sala., X., & Sádaba Chalezquer, C. (2008). The interactive generation in Ibero-America. Children and adolescents faced with the screens. Colección Fundacion Telefónica.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, J. D., Cai, H., Oakes, M. A., & Deng, C. (2009). Cultural similarities in self-esteem functioning. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 40(1), 140–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cargile, A. C. (2012). Discriminating attitudes toward speech. In L. A. Samovar, R. E. Porter, & E. R. McDaniel (Eds.), Intercultural communication: A reader (13th ed., pp. 464–472). Belmont: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, G.-M. (1995). Differences in self-disclosure patterns among Americans versus Chinese. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 26, 84–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, G.-M. (2012). An alternative view of identity. In L. A. Samovar, R. E. Porter, & E. R. McDaniel (Eds.), Intercultural communication: A reader (13th ed., pp. 95–103). Belmont: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, C., Kasof, J., Himsel, A. J., Greenberger, E., Dong, Q., & Xue, G. (2002). Creativity in drawings of geometric shapes. A cross-cultural examination with the consensual assessment technique. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 171–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, C., Jose, P. E., Sheldon, K. M., Singelis, T. M., Cheung, M. W. L., Tiliouine, H., Alao, A. A., Chio, J. H. M., Lui, J. Y. M., Chun, W. Y., Golec de Zavala, A., Hakuzimana, A., Hertel, J., Liu, J.-T., Onyewadume, M., & Sims, C. (2011). Sociocultural differences in self-construal and subjective well-being: A test of four cultural models. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(5), 832–855.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cho, B., Kwon, U., Gentry, J. W., Jun, S., & Kropp, F. (1999). Cultural values reflected in theme and execution: A comparative study of U.S. and Korean television commercials. Journal of Advertising, 28(4), 60–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choi, I., Nisbett, R. E., & Smith, E. E. (1997). Culture, category salience, and inductive reasoning. Cognition, 65, 15–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choi, I., Nisbett, R. E., & Norenzayan, A. (1999). Causal attribution across cultures: Variation and universality. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 47–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Church, A. T., et al. (2006). Implicit theories and self-perceptions of traitedness across cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37(6), 694–716.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Mooij, M. (2011). Consumer behavior and culture. Consequences for global marketing and advertising (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Mooij, M. (2013). Global marketing and advertising, understanding cultural paradoxes (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickey, C. (2008, November 24). Reflecting on race barriers. Newsweek, 26–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doi, T. (1973). The anatomy of dependence. Tokyo: Kodansha International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doi, T. (1985). The anatomy of self. The individual versus society. Tokyo: Kodansha International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (1997). Standard Eurobarometer report 47. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2000). How Europeans see themselves. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2001). Standard Eurobarometer report 58. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2002a). Standard Eurobarometer report 57.1. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2002b). Consumer survey. Flash Eurobarometer 117. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2003). Globalisation. Flash Eurobarometer 151b. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2005). Social values, science and technology. EBS 225. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2007). European social reality. EBS 273. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2008a). Information society as seen by EU citizens. Flash Eurobarometer 241. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2008b). Attitudes of European citizens towards the environment. EBS 295. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2008c). Towards a safer use of the Internet for children in the EU – a parents’ perspective. Flash Eurobarometer 248. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer. (2009). Confidence in the information society. Flash Eurobarometer 250. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurobarometer (2010). Science and technology. EBS 340. Brussels: Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurodata (1991). Reader’s digest European survey. Reader’s Digest Association Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eysenck, M. W. (2001). Principles of cognitive psychology (2nd ed.). Hove: Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fong, M. (2009). Developing self and communications through the spiritual wisdom of the I Ching. China Media Research, 5(3), 110–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • García-Montes, J. M., Caballero-Muñoz, D., & Pérez-Álvarez, M. (2006). Changes in the self resulting from the use of mobile phones. Media, Culture & Society, 28(1), 67–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giles, H., & Franklyn-Stokes, A. (1989). Communicator characteristics. In M. K. Asante & W. B. Gudykunst (Eds.), Handbook of international and intercultural communication (pp. 117–144). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goffman, E. (1959). The presentation of self in everyday life. Harmondsworth/Middlesex: Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, B. S., Ku, L., & Li, H. (1992). Parental mediation of children’s mass media behavior in China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and the United States. In F. Korzenny & S. Ting-Toomey (Eds.), Mass media effects across cultures (pp. 150–172). Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gudykunst, W. B., & Ting-Toomey, S. (1988). Culture and interpersonal communication. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunaratne, S. A. (1991). Asian approaches to communication theory. Media Development, 1, 53–55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasegawa, M., Horiuchi, Y., Suzuki, K., Sado, M., & Sakamoto, A. (2008). Characteristics of depiction of pro-social behaviour in Japanese television programmes. Media Asia, 35(3), 170–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hecht, M. L., Andersen, P. A., & Ribeau, S. A. (1989). The cultural dimensions of nonverbal communication. In M. K. Asante & W. B. Gudykunst (Eds.), Handbook of international and intercultural communication (pp. 163–185). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hecht, M. L., Warren, J. R., Jung, E., & Krieger, J. L. (2005). The communication theory of identity. In W. B. Gudykunst (Ed.), Theorizing about intercultural communication (pp. 257–278). Thousand Okas: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heine, S., & Hamamura, T. (2007). In search of East Asian self-enhancement. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 11(1), 4–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hessler, P. (2010). Country driving. A Chinese road trip. New York: Harper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobbs, R., & Frost, R. (1992). Comprehension of traditional editing conventions by African tribal villagers. In F. Korzenny & S. Ting-Toomey (Eds.), Mass media effects across cultures (pp. 110–129). Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and organizations. Software of the mind (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu, C.-F. (2007). A cross-cultural comparison of communication orientations between Americans and Taiwanese. Communication Quarterly, 55(3), 359–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jahn, J. (1961). Muntu. The new African culture. New York: Grove Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jameson, K. A. (2005). On the role of culture in color naming: Remarks on the articles of Paramei, Kay, Roberson, and Hardin on the topic of cognition, culture, and color experience. Cross-Cultural Research, 39(1), 88–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janata, P., Birk, J. L., Van Horn, J. D., Leman, M., Tillmann, B., & Bharucha, J. J. (2002). The cortical topography of tonal structures underlying western music. Science, 298, 2167–2170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jowell, R., et al. (2003/2004/2005). European social survey (technical report). London: Centre for Comparative Social Surveys, City University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kagitçibasi, Ç. (1997). Individualism and collectivism. In J. W. Berry, M. H. Segall, & C. Kagitçibasi (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology (Vol. 3, pp. 1–49). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kagitçibasi, Ç. (2005). Autonomy and relatedness in cultural context. Implications for self and family. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36(4), 403–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, Y. S., & Kelly, J. D. (2008). A matter of culture: A comparative study of photojournalism in American and Korean newspapers. The International Communication Gazette, 70(2), 155–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, H., Kim, G. J., Park, H. W., & Rice, R. E. (2007). Configurations of relationships in different media: FtF, E-mail, instant messenger, mobile phone, and SMS. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12 (4), article 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kincaid, D. L. (1987). Communication east and west: Points of departure. In D. L. Kincaid (Ed.), Communication theory. Eastern and western perspectives (pp. 331–340). San Diego: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kitayama, S. (2002). Culture and basic psychological processes – toward a system view of culture: Comment on Oyserman et al. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 89–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kitayama, S., Markus, H. R., Matsumoto, H., & Norasakunkit, V. (1997). Individual and collective processes in the construction of the self: Self-enhancement in the United States and self-criticism in Japan. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1245–1266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi, Y., & Noguchi, Y. (2001). Consumer insight, brand insight, and implicit communication: Successful communication planning cases in Japan. In M. S. Roberts & R. L. King (Eds.), The proceedings of the 2001 special Asia-Pacific conference of the American academy of advertising. Richmond: American Academy of Advertising.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koopmann-Holm, B., & Matsumoto, D. (2011). Values and display rules for specific emotions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(3), 355–371.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kowner, R. (2002). Japanese body image: Structure and esteem scores in a cross-cultural perspective. International Journal of Psychology, 37, 149–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kress, G., & Van Leeuwen, T. (1996). Reading images. The grammar of visual design. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kühnen, U. (2001). The semantic-procedural interface model of the self: The role of self-knowledge for context-dependent versus context-independent modes of thinking. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 397–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kühnen, U., Hannover, B., Roeder, U., Shah, A. A., Schubert, B., Upmeyer, A., & Zakaria, S. (2001). Cross-cultural variations in identifying embedded figures. Comparisons from the United States, Germany, Russia, and Malaysia. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 32, 365–371.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, R., & Kumar Sethi, A. (2012). Communicating with Indians. In L. A. Samovar, R. E. Porter, & E. R. McDaniel (Eds.), Intercultural communication: A reader (13th ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lechuga, J., & Wiebe, J. S. (2011). Culture and probability judgment accuracy: The influence of holistic reasoning. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(6), 1054–1065.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Léon, B. (2008). Science related information in European television: A study of prime-time news. Public Understanding of Science, 17, 443–460.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, J. (2002). A cultural model of learning. Chinese “heart and mind for wanting to learn”. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 248–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Littlejohn, S. W., & Foss, K. A. (2008). Theories of human communication (9th ed.). Belmont: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, M., & Zoninsein, M. (2007, December 24). New data suggest China isn’t lagging on internet social networking. It’s just innovating differently. Newsweek, 48–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lotman, Y. M. (1990). Universe of the mind. A semiotic theory of culture. London: I.B. Tauris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma, R. (1996). Computer-mediated conversations as a new dimension of intercultural communication between East Asian and North American college students. In S. C. Herring (Ed.), Computer-mediated communication: Linguistic, social, and cross- cultural perspectives (pp. 173–185). Amsterdam/New York: John Benjamins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madden, K. (1992). Video and cultural identity. The inuit broadcasting corporation experience. In F. Korzenny & S. Ting-Toomey (Eds.), Mass media effects across cultures (pp. 130–149). Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madden, T. J., Hewett, K., & Roth, M. (2000). Managing images in different cultures: A cross-national study of color meanings and preferences. Journal of International Marketing, 8, 90–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mao, L. M. (2003). Reflective encounters: Illustrating comparative rhetoric. Style, 37(4), 401–425.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224–253.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1998). The cultural psychology of personality. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 29, 63–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Lozano, V., Sánchez-Medina, J. A., & Goudena, P. P. (2011). A cross-cultural study of observed conflicts between young children. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(6), 895–907.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Masuda, T., Gonzalez, R., Kwan, L., & Nisbett, R. E. (2008). Culture and aesthetic preference: Comparing the attention to context of East Asians and Americans. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(9), 1260–1275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matsunaga, M., & Imahori, T. T. (2009). Profiling family communication standards. A U.S.-Japan comparison. Communication Research, 36(1), 3–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Midooka, K. (1990). Characteristics of Japanese-style communication. Media Culture & Society, 12, 477–489.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mishra, R. C. (1997). Cognition and cognitive development. In J. W. Berry, P. R. Dasen, & T. S. Saraswathi (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 143–175). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyahara, A. (2004). Toward theorizing Japanese interpersonal communication competence from a non-western perspective. In F. E. Jandt (Ed.), Intercultural communication. A global reader (pp. 279–292). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miyamoto, Y., & Schwarz, N. (2006). When conveying a message may hurt the relationship: Cultural differences in the difficulty of using an answering machine. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 42, 540–547.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nezlek, J. B., Kafetsios, K., & Smith, C. V. (2008). Emotions in everyday social encounters. Correspondence between culture and self-construal. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39(4), 366–372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Niu, W., & Sternberg, R. J. (2001). Cultural influences on artistic creativity and its evaluation. International Journal of Psychology, 36, 225–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norenzayan, A., Choi, I., & Nisbett, R. E. (2002). Cultural similarities and differences in social inference: Evidence from behavioral predictions and lay theories of behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 109–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ong, W. J. (1982). Orality & literacy. The technologizing of the world. London: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Oyserman, D., Coon, H., & Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 3–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paletz, S. B. F., & Peng, K. (2008). Implicit theories of creativity across cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39(3), 286–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prendergast, G., Leung, K. Y., & West, D. C. (2002). Role portrayal in advertising and editorial content, and eating disorders: An Asian perspective. International Journal of Advertising, 21, 237–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramdas, A. (2002, July 16). Dure mango voorbode van paniek in Noord India. NRC/Handelsblad, p. 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramdas, A. (2008, March 10). Geef mij maar onzin kennis. NRC/Handelsblad, p. 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberson, D. (2005). Color categories are culturally diverse in cognition as well as in language. Cross-Cultural Research, 39(1), 56–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roland, A. (1988). In search of self in India and Japan. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose, G. M., Boush, D., & Shoham, A. (1994). Family communication and children’s purchasing influence: A cross-national examination. Journal of Business Research, 55, 867–873.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rose, G. M., Dalakas, V., & Kropp, F. (2003). Consumer socialization and parental style across cultures: Findings from Australia, Greece, and India. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 13(4), 366–376.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rotter, J. B. (1990). Internal versus external control of reinforcement. American Psychologist, 45, 489–493.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rübeling, H., Keller, H., Yovsi, R. D., Lenk, M., Schwarzer, S., & Kühne, N. (2010). Children’s drawings of the self as an expression of cultural conceptions of the self. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(3), 406–424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, P. A., Deregowski, J. B., & Kinnear, P. R. (1997). Perception and aesthetics. In J. W. Berry, P. R. Dasen, & T. S. Saraswathi (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology (2nd ed., Vol. 2, pp. 107–141). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanchez-Burks, J., Lee, F., Choi, I., Nisbett, R., Zhao, S., & Koo, J. (2003). Conversing across cultures: East–west communication styles in work and non-work contexts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 363–372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scheufele, D.A. (1999). Framing as a theory of media effects. Journal of Communication, 49(1), 103–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, B. H. (1995). Language and visual imagery: Issues of corporate identity in East Asia. Columbia Journal of World Business, 3, 28–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, B. H., & Pan, Y. (1994). Managing corporate and brand identities in the Asia-Pacific region. California Management Review, 36, 32–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, B. H., & Zhang, S. (1998). Language structure and categorization: A study of classifiers in consumer cognition, judgment, and choice. Journal of Consumer Research, 25, 108–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, B. H., Pan, Y., & Tavassoli, N. T. (1994). Language and consumer memory: The impact of linguistic differences between Chinese and English. Journal of Consumer Research, 21, 419–431.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singelis, T. M., & Brown, W. J. (1995). Culture, self, and collectivist communication. Human Communication Research, 21, 354–389.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, D. (2007). Cross cultural comparison of buying behavior in India. A thesis submitted to the faculty of business management & commerce Panjab University, Chandigarh, for the degree of doctor of philosophy. University Business School.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, P. B., Trompenaars, F., & Dugan, S. (1995). The rotter locus of control scale in 43 countries: A test of cultural relativity. International Journal of Psychology, 30, 377–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tafarodi, R. W., & Walters, P. (1999). Individualism-collectivism, life events, and self-esteem: A test of two trade-offs. European Journal of Social Psychology, 29, 797–814.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tafarodi, R. W., Shaughnessy, S. C., Yamaguchi, S., & Murakoshi, A. (2011). The reporting of self-esteem in Japan and Canada. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42(1), 155–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tamir, D. I., & Mitchell, J. (2012). Disclosing information about the self is intrinsically rewarding. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), 109(21), 8038–8043.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tardiff, T., Fletcher, P., Liang, W., Zhang, Z., Kaciroti, N., & Marchman, V. A. (2008). Baby’s first ten words. Development Psychology, 44(4), 929–938.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Triandis, H. (1995). Individualism and collectivism. Boulder: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turnbull, C. M. (1961). The forest people. New York: Simon & Schuster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Twenge, J. M., & Crocker, J. (2000). Race and self-esteem: Meta-analysis comparing Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, Asians and American Indians and comment on Gray-Little and Hafdahl. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 371–408.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Twenge, J. M., Campbell, W. K., & Gentile, B. (2012). Changes in pronoun use in American books and the rise of individualism, 1960–2008. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 44(3), 406–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Unsworth, S. J., Sears, C. R., & Pexman, P. M. (2005). Cultural influences on categorization processes. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36(6), 662–688.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valchev, V. H., Van de Vijver, F. J. R., Nel, J. A., Rothmann, S., Meiring, D., & De Bruin, G. P. (2011). Implicit personality conceptions of the Nguni cultural-linguistic groups of South Africa. Cross-Cultural Research, 45(3), 235–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Maris, B. (2006, December 10). Lettergreepritme. NRC Handelsblad/Wetenschap, 51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veilbrief, A. (2007, January). Chattend de puberteit door (Chatting through adolescence). NRC Handelsblad Maandblad, 20–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watkins, D., Akande, A., Fleming, J., Ismail, M., Lefner, K., Regmi, M., et al. (1998). Cultural dimensions, gender, and the nature of self-concept: A fourteen-country study. International Journal of Psychology, 33, 17–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Westwood, R., & Low, D. R. (2003). The multicultural muse: Culture, creativity and innovation. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 3(2), 235–259.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiredu, K. (2003). The moral foundations of an African culture. In P. H. Coetzee & A. P. J. Roux (Eds.), The African philosophy reader (pp. 287–296). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wynne, J. (2012). We don’t talk right. You ask him. In L. A. Samovar, R. E. Porter, & E. R. McDaniel (Eds.), Intercultural communication: A reader (Vol. 13, pp. 119–126). Belmont: Wadsworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamaguchi, S., Gelfand, M., Ohashi, M. M., & Zemba, Y. (2005). The cultural psychology of control: Illusions of personal versus collective control in the United States and Japan. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 36(6), 705–761.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yum, J. O. (1987). The practice of Uye-Ri in interpersonal relationships. In D. L. Kincaid (Ed.), Communication theory. Eastern and western perspectives (pp. 87–100). San Diego: Academic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yum, Y.O., & Hara, K. (2005). Computer-mediated relationship development: A cross-cultural comparison. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11(1). http://jcmc.indiana.edu/v0111/issue1/yum.html.

  • Zhang, Q. (2007). Family communication patterns and conflict styles in Chinese parent–child relationships. Communication Quarterly, 55(1), 113–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zielenziger, M. (2002, September 6). Young Japanese gobble up luxury items. Free Press. www.freep.com/news/nw/japan.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Burgh-Haamstede, The Netherlands

    Marieke de Mooij

Authors
  1. Marieke de Mooij
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

de Mooij, M. (2014). Culture, Self, and Communication. In: Human and Mediated Communication around the World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01249-0_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation