Abstract
We use grain-focused models to study grain boundary (GB) migration (GBM) in polycrystalline Cu vias that interconnect MLM layers in 3D ICs. Curvature-driven GB velocities are calculated by PLENTE [1]–[3] using the local mean curvature of the GBs, as described in Ref. 2. We use Comsol Multiphysics [4] to calculate GB velocities due to thermally induced strain energy jumps across GBs [5]. The thermo-mechanical calculations needed for this are made using model structures that combine continuum models and grain-continuum (GC) models (see [1]–[3], [5]); we call these ‘hybrid’ grain-continuum (HGC) models. Curvature driven GB dominates in this work; however, there are uncertainties in the absolute stress values used and how the relative magnitudes of these phenomena will change as the structure evolves.
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Awo-Affouda, C.A., Bloomfield, M.O., Cale, T.S. (2007). Strain Energy Driven and Curvature Driven Grain Boundary Migration in 3D-IC Cu Vias. In: Grasser, T., Selberherr, S. (eds) Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices 2007. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-72861-1_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-72861-1_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
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