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X chromosome inactivation and DNA methylation

  • Chapter
DNA Methylation

Part of the book series: EXS ((EXS,volume 64))

Abstract

X chromosome inactivation (XCI) renders one of the two X chromosomes in female mammalian cells heterochromatin-like and genetically silent. This chromosome-wide phenomenon has long been considered a paradigm for the study of the effect of heterochromatinization and DNA methylation on gene expression in mammals (for reviews see Gartler and Riggs, 1983; Grant and Chapman, 1988; Lyon, 1988; Riggs, 1990b; Riggs and Pfeifer, 1992). The inactivation process is usually considered to consist of three components — initiation, spreading and maintenance. A role for DNA methylation is possible for all three of these processes, but most available information is relevant only to maintenance.

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  1. Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA

    Judith Singer-Sam & Arthur D. Riggs

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  1. Judith Singer-Sam
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    Jean-Pierre Jost

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    Hans-Peter Saluz

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Singer-Sam, J., Riggs, A.D. (1993). X chromosome inactivation and DNA methylation. In: Jost, JP., Saluz, HP. (eds) DNA Methylation. EXS, vol 64. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9118-9_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9118-9_16

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