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T Cell Responses to Contact Allergens

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T Lymphocytes as Tools in Diagnostics and Immunotoxicology

Part of the book series: Experientia Supplementum ((EXS,volume 104))

Abstract

T lymphocytes are instrumental in the prevention of infections. With their antigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR), these cells recognize short peptides in the peptide-binding groove on MHC molecules of antigen-presenting cells. However, conventional T cells can also recognize non-peptide antigens including carbohydrates, phosphate groups, organic chemicals, and metal ions. The molecular basis of the interaction of TCR with these structures in the context of MHC has been partly solved. Organic chemicals and carbohydrates are recognized when bound to MHC-associated peptides, whereas metal ions are recognized due to their ability to form non-covalent coordination bonds with MHC molecules, bound peptides, and TCR. Peptide-independent metal ion recognition has also been described.

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Abbreviations

ACD:

Allergic contact dermatitis

APC:

Antigen-presenting cell

CHS:

Contact hypersensitivity

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

CSA:

Cytokine secretion assay

DNBS:

2,4-Dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

hTCPA:

Human T cell priming assay

LLNA:

Local lymph node assay

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

PBMC:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cell

TCR:

T cell receptor

TNBS:

2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany

    Hans Ulrich Weltzien

  2. Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

    Stefan F. Martin

  3. Université Lyon1, UFR Lyon-Sud, INSERM U 1111—CIRI, IFR 128, Unité Allergologie et Immunologie Clinique, HCL, CH Lyon-Sud, Oullins, 69921, France

    Jean-François Nicolas

Authors
  1. Hans Ulrich Weltzien
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  2. Stefan F. Martin
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  3. Jean-François Nicolas
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hans Ulrich Weltzien .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

    Stefan F. Martin

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Weltzien, H.U., Martin, S.F., Nicolas, JF. (2014). T Cell Responses to Contact Allergens. In: Martin, S. (eds) T Lymphocytes as Tools in Diagnostics and Immunotoxicology. Experientia Supplementum, vol 104. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0726-5_4

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