Abstract
Mg alloys are prone to pitting due to their non-uniform protective corrosion layers, which can lead to an increase in stress intensity based on the notch effect, pit-to-crack transition, and thus premature failure. A small set of analytical methods to determine the extent of pitting and its effect on the resulting residual strength is presented. Micrographs, 3D microscopy, or 3D analysis using CT are used to determine the amount and geometry of pitting—each with advantages and disadvantages. The influence of the corrosion pits on the mechanical properties is tested by static, quasi-static, and cyclic test methods: by tensile, flexural, or fatigue testing—either after corrosion or overlapping. Knowledge about the critical pit is of general interest. Stress corrosion is discussed by applying static tests like C-ring testing, which also plays a role in slow strain rate tensile tests and stress corrosion cracking is more or less influenced by corrosion pits.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Clausius, B. et al. (2023). Influence of Corrosion Extent on Residual Tensile Strength and Corrosion Fatigue Properties of an Mg−Y−Nd Alloy Characterized by μCT. Magnesium Technology 2023. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham.
Metals Handbook Ninth Edition (2008), Failure Analysis and Prevention, American Society for Metals, Standard Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Corrosion. ASTM G46-94 (Reapproved 2005); Materials Performance, 176.
Witte, F. et al. (2005) In vivo corrosion of four magnesium alloys and the associated bone response. Biomaterials 26 (17) 3557–3563.
Maier, P. et al. (2026) Degradation morphology and pitting factor compared to degradation rate, European Cells and Materials, 32, 6, 22.
Maier, P. et al. (2018) Precipitation hardening on mechanical and corrosion properties of extruded Mg10Gd modified with Nd and La. Metals 8 (640).
Maier, P. et al. (2019) Mechanical and corrosion properties of two precipitation hardened Mg–Y–Nd–Gd–Dy alloys with small changes in chemical composition. JOM 71 (4) 1426–1435.
Yuxiang L. et al. (2021) Improvement in corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidized AZ91 alloy sealed with cement-mixed paraffin wax, Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 15, 6956–6973.
Holly J. et al. (2010) Comparison of corrosion pitting under immersion and salt-spray environments on an as-cast AE44 magnesium alloy, Corrosion Science, 52, 11, 3624–3638.
Quantong J. et al. (2015) Anisotropy of the crystallographic orientation and corrosion performance of high-strength AZ80 Mg alloy, Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 3, 4, 309–314.
Maier, P. et al. (2017) Solid solution treatment on strength and corrosion of biodegradable Mg6Ag wires, Materials and Corrosion, 69, 2, 178–190.
Maier, P. et al. (2020) Influence of Solution Heat Treatment on the Microstructure, Hardness and Stress Corrosion Behavior of Extruded Resoloy®. JOM 72, 1870–1879.
Maier, P. et al. (2023). Effect of Deformation Speed on Stress Corrosion and Fracture Toughness of Extruded Mg10Dy and Mg10Dy1Nd Using C-Ring Tests. Magnesium Technology 2023, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham.
Maier, P. et al. (2020) Characterization of an Extruded Mg–Dy–Nd Alloy during Stress Corrosion with C-Ring Tests. Metals, 10, 584
Raman, R.K.S.; Harandi, S.E. Resistance of Magnesium Alloys to Corrosion Fatigue for Biodegradable Implant Applications: Current Status and Challenges. Materials 2017, 10, 1316.
Maier, P. et al. (2019) Corrosion Bending Fatigue of RESOLOY® and WE43 Magnesium Alloy Wires. Magnesium Technology 2019. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham.
Van Gaalen, K. et al. (2021) Automated ex-situ detection of pitting corrosion and its effect on the mechanical integrity of rare earth magnesium alloy - WE43. Bioact. Mater. 8, 545–558.
Baltruschat, IM. et al. (2021) Scaling the U-net: segmentation of biodegradable bone implants in high-resolution synchrotron radiation microtomograms. Science Report Dec 20;11(1):24237.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
About this paper
Cite this paper
Maier, P. (2024). Different Analytical Methods to Determine the Influence of Pitting on the Residual Performance of Mg Alloys as Implant Materials. In: Leonard, A., Barela, S., Neelameggham, N.R., Miller, V.M., Tolnai, D. (eds) Magnesium Technology 2024. TMS 2024. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50240-8_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50240-8_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-50239-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-50240-8
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)