Skip to main content

Metallic Ores in North Africa: New Results and Achievements in the Post-2016 Era

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Geology of North Africa

Part of the book series: Regional Geology Reviews ((RGR))

  • 349 Accesses

Abstract

In this chapter, new data about selected metallic ore deposits in North Africa are presented. They concentrate on new researches in the post-2016 era that witnessed remarkable interest of North African and international researchers to characterize the mineralogy, geochemistry, and ore genesis of a variety of ores in different geological environments and host rocks after the textbook by Bouabdallah and Slack (2016). Also, the chapter sheds light on the most significant lithological and structural controls of mineralizations that range in age from Archean to late Cenozoic. New information up to 2021 are presented and they are based on combined field criteria, mineral chemistry, geochemistry, stable isotopes, fluid inclusions, and ore genetic models. Metallic ores discussed in the chapter are hosted by either igneous-metamorphic or sedimentary rocks that display significant roles of hydrothermal alterations viz. metasomatism and post-depositional processes such as diagenesis and karstification. For some specific ores, precise age determination based on modern techniques such as ion microprobe U–Pb is presented for the ore minerals or associated accessory minerals in the mineralized zones and in the unaltered host rocks as well.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abia E, Benssaou AM, Ettayfi N, Lhamyani B, Boutaleb S, Maynard JB (2020) The Ordovician iron ore of the Anti-Atlas, Morocco: environment and dynamics of depositional process. Ore Geol Rev 120:103447

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abidi R, Slim-Shimi N, Marignac C, Somarin AK, Renac C, Deloule E, Hatira N, Gasquet D (2022) The microbial controls on the deposition of Pb-Zn minerals in carbonate-hosted Tunisian ore deposits. Res Geol 72(1):12287

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abou-El-Anwar EA, Mekky HS (2013) Contribution to the geochemistry, composition and origin of the dolostones of Um Gheig Formation, Middle Miocene, Red Sea coast. Egypt. J Appl Sci Res 9:3659–3673

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Afify AM, Sanz-Montero ME, Osman RA (2020) Zinc-bearing ferromanganese mineralization in a rift-marginal carbonate platform, Red Sea, Egypt: reconstruction of an epigenetic-supergenetic system. Ore Geol Rev 127:103837

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aftabi A, Atapour H, Mohseni S, Babaki A (2021) Geochemical discrimination among different types of banded iron formations (BIFs): a comparative review. Ore Geol Rev 136:104244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmed AH, Arai S, Attia A (2001) Petrological characteristics of podiform chromitites and associated peridotites of the Pan-African Peoterozoic ophiolite complexes of Egypt. Mineral Deposita 36:72–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Aissa D, Cheilletz A, Marignac, C (2001) Magmatic fluids and skarn mineralization: The Burdigalian As-W skarn at Karézas (Edough massif, NE Algeria). In: Piestrzynski (ed) Mineral deposits in the beginning of the 21st century. Balkema-Rotterdam, Lisse, Tokyo, pp 877–888

    Google Scholar 

  • Ali MA, Lentz DR, Hall DC (2011) Mineralogy and geochemistry of Nb-, Ta-, Sn-, U-, Th-, and Zr-bearing granitic rocks from Abu Rusheid shear zones, South Eastern Desert, Egypt. Chin J Geochem 30:226–247

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ali MA, Lentz DR (2011) Mineralogy, geochemistry and age dating of shear zone-hosted Nb-Ta-, Zr-Hf-, Th-, U-bearing granitic rocks in the Ghadir and El-Sella areas, South Eastern Desert, Egypt. Chin J Geochem 30:453–478

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ayad A (2022a) Prospecting for polymetallic mineralization in Middle Morocco using fractal mapping. Arab J Geosci 15:312

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ayad A (2022b) Correction to: Prospecting for polymetallic mineralization in Middle Morocco using fractal

    Google Scholar 

  • Azizi M, Mohamed A, Hafid M, Abdel-Ali K (2022) Epithermal mineralization of the Tagmout deposit, Eastern Saghro, Morocco: metallogenic characterization and fluid phases. Arab J Geosci 15:290

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ben Aissa L, Ben Aissa W, Ben Aissa R, Alouani R, Ben Haj Amara A (2020) Post-magmatic hydrothermal and metasomatic activity within associated skarn deposits: neoformation of iron-fluorphlogopite minerals first reported in NW Tunisia. Oued Belif Area. Arab J Geosci 13:300

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Botros NS (2002) Metallogeny of gold in relation to the evolution of the Nubian Shield Egypt. Ore Geol Rev 19:137–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Botros NS (2003) On the relationship between auriferous talc deposits hosted in volcanic rocks and massive sulphide deposits in Egypt. Ore Geol Rev 23:223–257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Botros NS (2021) ore deposits in the Arabian-Nubian Shield. In: Hamimi Z et al. (eds) The geology of the Arabian-Nubian shield, regional geology reviews. Springer, Cham, pp 585–631

    Google Scholar 

  • Bouabdellah M, Beoukirou M, Bigot F, Mouttaqi A, El Gadarri M, Errami A, Levresse G (2022) Discovery of antiskarn-hosted strategic metal mineralization in the Upper Cretaceous Twihinate carbonatite intrusion (West African Craton Margin, Moroccan Sahara). Ore Geol Rev 149:105105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouabdellah M, Chekroun F, Alansari A, Margoum D (2016a) The granitoid-related Tiouit gold deposit, Saghro inlier, Eastern Anti-Atlas (Morocco): neoproterozoic mineralization by a polyphase late-magmatic to hydrothermal system. In: Bouabdellah M, Slack J (eds) Mineral deposits of North Africa. Mineral resource reviews. Springer, Cham, pp 405–414

    Google Scholar 

  • Bouabdellah M, Maacha L, Levresse G, Saddiqi O (2016b) The Bou Azzer Co–Ni–Fe–As(±Au ± Ag) district of central Anti-Atlas (Morocco): a long-lived Late Hercynian to Triassic magmatic-hydrothermal to low-sulphidation epithermal system. In: Bouabdellah and Slack (eds) Mineral Deposits of North Africa, pp 229–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Bouabdellah M, Slack JF (2016) Geologic and Metallogenic Framework of North Africa. In: Bouabdellah M, Slack J (eds) Mineral Deposits of North Africa. Mineral resource reviews. Springer, Cham, pp 3–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31733-5_1

  • Boujelbane F, Ismailia A, Khelifi L, Samaali M, Oueslati M, Souissi R, Souissi F, Takriti S (2022) Natural level of uranium and 234U/238U activity ratios in Tunisian phosphates. Arab J Geosci 15:728

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Decrée S, Marignac C, De Putte T, Deloule E, Liégeois JP, Demaiffe D (2008) Pb-Zn mineralization in a Miocene regional extensional context: the case ofthe Sidi Driss and the Douahria ore deposits (Nefza mining district, northernTunisia). Ore Geol Rev 34:285–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Dommanget A, Milési JP, Diallo M (1993) The Loulo gold and tourmaline-bearing deposit: a polymorph type in the Early Proterozoic of Mali (West Africa). Min Depos 28:253–263

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dumańska-Słowik M, Naglik B, Toboła T, Powolny T, Huber M, Milovska S, Dobosz N, Guzik K, Wesełucha-Birczyńska A (2021) Origin and occurrence of gem-quality, skarn-hosted barite from Jebel Ouichane near Nador in Morocco. Sci Rep 11:10307

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El-Shazly AK, Khalil KI (2013) A non-glaceogenic origin for Neoproterozoic banded iron formation from Egypt. Geol Soc Am Abstr Programs 45:299

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Shazly AK, Khalil KI (2014) Banded iron formations of UmNar, Eastern Desert of Egypt: P–T–X conditions of metamorphism and tectonic implications. Lithos 196(197):356–375

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Aref MM, Amstutz GC (1983) Lead–zinc deposits along the Red Sea coast of Egypt: new observations and genetic models on the occurrences of Um Gheig, Wizr, Essel and Zug El Bohar. Monograph series on mineral deposits. Gebruder Borntraeger, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Aref M, Abd El-Rahman Y, Zoheir B, Surour A, Helmy HM, Abdelnasser A, Ahmed AH, Ibrahim ME (2020) Mineral resources in Egypt (I): Metallic Ores. Geology of Egypt 14. Springer, Cham, pp 532–535

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Aref MM, El Doudgdoug A, AbdelWahed M, El Manawi AW (1993) Diagenetic and metamorphic history of Umm Nar BIF, Eastern Desert Egypt. Min Depos 28:264–278

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Fakharani A, Radwan A, Hagag W, Abdel-Rahman E, Younis MH (2021) Structural and petrological re-assessed for the Najd-related shear zones along the Egyptian Eastern Desert. Arab J Geosi 14:1166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El Ghorfi M, Melcher F, OberthürT BAE, Maacha L, Maddi A, Mhaili M (2008) Platinum group minerals in podiform chromitites of the Bou Azzer ophiolite, Anti Atlas, Central Morocco. Mineral Petrol 92:59–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El Ghorfi M, Oberthür T, Melcher F, Lüders V, El Boukhari A, Maacha L, Ziadi R, Baoutoul H (2006) Gold–palladium mineralization at Bleïda Far West, Bou Azzer-El Graara Inlier, Anti-Atlas, Morocco. Min Depos 41:549–464

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El Habaak GH (2004) Pan-African skarn deposits related to banded iron formation, Um Nar area, central Eastern Desert Egypt. J Afr Earth Sci 38(2):199–221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanfi MYM (2019) Radiological assessment of gamma and radon dose rates at former uranium mining tunnels in Egypt. Environ Earth Sci 78:113

    Google Scholar 

  • Elhaddad MA (1996) The first occurrence of platinum group minerals (PGM) in a chromite deposit in the Eastern Desert Egypt. Min Depos 31:439–445

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Faisal M, Yang X, Zhang H, Amuda AK, Sun C, Mustafa S, Gul MA (2021) Mineralization styles, alteration mineralogy, and sulfur isotope geochemistry of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits in the Shadli Metavolcanics Belt, South Eastern Desert, Egypt: metallogenic implications. Ore Geol Rev (in press):104402

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaboury D, Nabil H, Ennaciri A, Maacha L (2020) Structural setting and fluid composition of gold mineralization along the central segment of the Keraf suture, Neoproterozoic Nubian Shield, Sudan: implications for the source of gold. Intern Geol Rev. https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2020.1838336

  • Gabr MMA, Awad MH, Elshahat OR, Abdel-Halim KA, Abaza MMF (2021) Geochemistry of paleokarst-hosted uranium anomalies at Abu Zarab area, southwestern Sinai, Egypt. J Afr Earth Sci 181:104259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaci N, Azizi A, Kesraoui M (2014) Rare metal mineralizations associated to albitic granites in Tamanrasset area (Central Hoggar, Algeria). In: Boutaleb A, Aissa DE (Eds), Proceedings of the 4th Asia Africa mineral resources conference, Algiers, Oct 13–16, 2014, pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Garnit H, Bouhlel S (2017) Petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry of the Late Eocene oolitic ironstones of the Jebel Ank, Southern Tunisian Atlas. Ore Geol Rev 84:134–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garnit H, Kraemer D, Bouhlel S, Davoli M, Barca D (2020) Manganese ores in Tunisia: genetic constraints from trace element geochemistry and mineralogy. Ore Geol Rev 120:103451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghoneim SM, Salem SM, El-Wahid KHA, Anwar M, Hegab MA, Soliman NM, Ali HA (2022) Application of remote sensing techniques to identify iron ore deposits in the Central Eastern Desert, Egypt: a case study at Wadi Karim and Gabal El-Hadid areas. Arab J Geosci 15:1596

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giuliani G, Cheiletz A, Mechiche M (1987) Behaviour of REE during thermal metamorphism and hydrothermal infiltration associated with skarn and vein-type tungsten ore bodies in central Morocco. Chem Geol 64:279–294

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guerrak S (1987) Paleozoic oolitic ironstones of the Algerian Sahara: a review. J Afr Earth Sci 6(1):1–8

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hassan AH, Arai S, Attia A (2001) Petrological characteristics of podiform chromitites and associated peridotites of the Pan African ophiolite complexes of Egypt. Min Depos 36:72–84

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harraz HZ (2002) Fluid inclusions in the mesozonal gold deposit at Atud mine, Eastern Desert Egypt. J Afr Earth Sci 35(3):347–363

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hefni MY, Masoud MS, Ambrosino F, Mostafa MYA (2021) Natural radiological characterization at the Gabal El Seila region (Egypt). Appl Rad Isot 173:109705

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helmy H, Kaindl R (1999) Mineralogy and fluid inclusion studies of the Au-Cu quartz veins in the Hamash area, South-Eastern Desert Egypt. Miner Petrol 65:69–86

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helmy H, Kaindl R, Fritz H, Loizenbauer J (2004) The Sukari gold mine, Eastern Desert/Egypt: structural setting, mineralogy and fluid inclusion study. Min Depos 39(4):495–511

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helmy HM, Kaindl R, Shibata T (2014) Genetically related Mo-Bi-Ag and U-F mineralization in A-type granite, Gabal Gattar, Eastern Desert Egypt. Ore Geol Rev 62:181–190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heron K, Jessell M, Benn K, Harris E, Crowley QG (2016) The Tasiast deposit, Mauritania. Ore Geol Rev 78:564–572

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howari F, Goodbell P, Salman A (2016) Metallogenic evolution of uranium deposits in the Middle East and North Africa deposits. Geological society of Africa presidential review. J Afr Earth Sci 114:30–42

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ilmen S, Baidada B, Hajjar Z, Abdelkhalek A, Abdel-Ali K, El Arbaoui A, Amine B, Azizi M, Bhilisse M, El Azmi M, El Janti M (2022) The Ait Dawd Cu-Ni vein deposit: new mineralogical insights to understand the mineralizing criteria of the western High Atlas district (Morocco). Arab J Geosci 15:1595

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jemmali N, Carranza EJM, Zemmela (2011a) Isotope geochemistry of Mississippi Valley Type stratabound F-Ba-(Pb-Zn) ores of Hammam Zriba (Province of Zaghouan, NE Tunisia). Chem der erde 77:477–487

    Google Scholar 

  • Jemmali N, Souissi F, Vennemann T, Carranza EJM (2011b) Genesis of the Jurassic carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn deposits of Jebel Ressas (North-EasternTunisia): evidence from mineralogy, petrography and trace metal contents andisotope (O, C, S, Pb) geochemistry. Resour Geol 61:367–383

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jemmali N, Carranza EJM, Zemmel B (2017) Isotope geochemistry of Mississippi Valley Type stratabound F-B-(Pb-Zn) ores of Hammam Zriba (province of Zaghouan, NE Tunisia). Chem Erde 77:477–487

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson PR, Zoheir BA, Ghebreab W, Stern RJ, Barrie CT, Hamer RD (2017) Gold-bearing volcanogenic massive sulfides and orogenic-gold deposits in the Nubian Shield. S Afr J Geol 120:63–76

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khalil KI, EL-Shazly AE, Lehmann B, (2015) Late Neoproterozoic banded iron formation (BIF) in the central Eastern Desert of Egypt: mineralogical and geochemical implications for the origin of the Gebel El Hadid iron ore deposit. Ore Geol Rev 69:380–399

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim SY, Chi SJ (2001) Fluid inclusion and stable isotope studies of gold deposits in the Ganboke mineralized district, Pala area, Chad. Geosci J 5(1):27–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klemm R, Klemm D (2013) On the regional geology and genesis of gold deposits in Egypt and Nubian Sudan. In: Gold and gold mining in ancient Egypt and Nubia. Natural science in archaeology. Springer, Berlin, pp 29–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolb J, Petrov N (2016) The Guelb Moghrein Cu-Au deposit: Neoarchaean hydrothermal sulphide mineralization in carbonate-facies iron formation. Ore Geol Rev 78:573–577

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laouar R, Salmi-Laouar S, Sami L, Boyce AJ, Kolli O, Boutaleb A, Fallick AE (2016) Fluid inclusion and stable isotope studies of the Mesloula Pb-Zn-Ba ore deposit, NE Algeria: characteristics and origin of the mineralizing fluids. J Afr Earth Sci 121:119–135

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lebedev VI, Kalinin YA (2020) Index minerals of the hydrothermal arsenide process of the formation of cobalt deposits of the Bou Offro–El Graara Ore belt in the Anti-Atlas Province, Morocco. Geol Ore Depos 62(6):503–528

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leblanc M, Fischer W (1990) Arsenide ores: hydrothermal concentration from a serpentinite source-rock (Bou Azzer, Morocco). Mineral Petrol 42:197–209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leblanc M, Gervilla-Linares F (1988) Platinum-group elements and Au distribution in Ni arsenide-chromite veins from the Rifo-Betic Lherzolite Massifs (Morocco-Spain). In: Prichard HM, Potts PJ, Bowles JFW, Cribb SJ (eds) Geo-Platinum 87. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 181–198

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann B, Zoheir BA, Neymark LA, Zeh A, Emam A, Radwan AM, Zhang R, Moscati RJ (2020) Monazite and cassiterite U-Pb dating of the Abu Dabbab rare-metal granite, Egypt: late cryogenian metalliferous granite magmatism in the Arabian-Nubian Shield. Gondw Res 84:71–80

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoud SAA (2018) The rare metal deposits of the El Garra El Hamra syenites, south Western Desert, Egypt. Ore Geol Rev 101-609-628

    Google Scholar 

  • Mamadou MM, Cathelineau M, Deloule E, Schmitt R, Brouand M (2020) Cenozoic oxidation episodes in West Africa at the origin of the in situ supergene mineral redistribution of the primary uranium orebodies (Imouraren deposit, Tim Mersoï Basin, Northern Niger). Miner Deposita 55:1333–1352

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mamane MM, Cathelineau M, Bourdelle F, Boiron M-C, Elmaleh A, Brouand M (2016) Hot fluid flows around a major fault identified by paleothermometric studies (Tim Mersoï Basin, Niger). J Sediment Res 86:914–928

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martyn J, Strickland C (2004) Stratigraphy, structure and mineralisation of the Akjoujt area, Mauritania. J Afr Earth Sci 38:489–503

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miladi Y, Garnit H, Bouhlel S (2022) The Miocene fluorite-schwazite-cinnabar veins at Jebel Oust dome, Zaghouan Fluorite District, Tunisia: fluid inclusions and evidence of mixing. Arab J Geosci 15:1243

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moussa HE, Asimow PD, Azer MK, Abou El Maaty MA, Akarish AI, Yanni NN, Mubarak HS, Wilner MJ, Elsagheer MA (2021) Magmatic and hydrothermal evolution of highly-fractionated rare-metal granites at Gabal Nuweibi, Eastern Desert Egypt. Lithos 400–401:106405

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murr A (1999) Genese der Goldlagerstättenbezirke Fatira, Gidami, Atalla und Hangaliya in der Ägyptischen Ostwüste, Münchner Geol Hefte A 27:203

    Google Scholar 

  • Maynard JB (2010) The chemistry of manganese ores through time: a signal of increasing diversity of earth-surface environments. Econ Geol (spec Issue) 105(3):535–552

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ouchchen M, Boutaleb S, Abia EH, El Azzab D, Miftah A, Dadi B, Echogdali FZ, Mamouch Y, Pradhan B, Santosh M, Abioui M (2022) Exploration targeting of copper deposits using staged factor analysis, geochemical mineralization prospectivity index, and fractal model (Western Anti-Atlas, Morocco). Ore Geo Rev 143:104762

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pagel M, Cavellec S, Gerbaud O, Vergely P, Wagani I, Mathieu R (2005) Uranium deposits in the Arlit area (Niger). In: Mao J, Bierlein FP (eds) Mineral deposit research: meeting the global challenge. Springer, Berlin, pp 3030–3305

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelleter E, Cheilletz A, Gasquet D, Mouttaqi A, Annich M, El Haour A (2006) Discovery of neoproterozoic banded iron formation (BIF) in Morocco. Geophys Res Abstr 8:04635 (European Geosciences Union)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelleter E, Cheilletz A, Mouttaqi A, El Hakour A, Dominique, (2005) Volcanic sequences, lithostratigraphy and geochemistry of altered rocks at the Jbel Malek deposit: clues for the origins of a neoproterozoic gold deposit, High-Atlas, Morocco. In: Mao J, Bierlein FP (eds) Mineral deposit research: meeting the global challenge. Springer, Berlin, pp 675–678

    Google Scholar 

  • Redwan M, Rammlmair D, Berkh K (2021) Secondary minerals in a calcareous environment: an example from Um Gheig Pb/Zn mine site, Eastern Desert Egypt. Environ Earth Sci 80:274

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saleh GM (2006) The chromite deposits associated with ophiolite complexes, Southeastern Desert, Egypt: petrological and geochemical characteristics and mineralization. Chin J Geochem 25(4):307–317

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saleh GM, Afify AM, Emad BM, Dawoud MI, Shajin HA, FM (2019) Mineralogical and geochemical characterization of radioactive minerals and rare earth elements in granitic pegmatites at G. El Fereyid, South Eastern Desert, Egypt. J Afr Earth Sci 160:103651

    Google Scholar 

  • Searle DL, Carter GS, Shalaby IM (1978) Massive sulphide deposits associated with ancient volcanism of island-arc type in the eastern desert of Egypt. Precambr Res 6:A35–A36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seddik AMA, Darwish MH, Azer MK, Asimow P (2020) Assessment of magmatic versus post-magmatic processes in the Mueilha rare-metal granite, Eastern Desert of Egypt, Arabian-Nubian Shield. Lithos 366–367:105542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sedki T, Mohamed HA, Ali S, Zaki R, Afeed S (2019) Geology and ore genesis data of Elba manganese deposits, southern Eastern Desert Egypt. Data Brief 27:104831

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seleem T, Hamimi Z, Zaki K, Zoheir B (2020) ASTER mapping and geochemical analysis of chromitite bodies in the Abu Dahr ophiolites, South Eastern Desert Egypt. Arabian J Geosci 13:731

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shackleton RM, Ries AC, Graham RH, Fitches WR (1980) Late Precambrian ophiolitic melange in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Nature 279:488–491

    Google Scholar 

  • Shahin HAA, Emad BM, Masoud MS (2021) Uranium and rare metal mineralization in the El Sela and Qash Amir granitic intrusions, south Eastern Desert, Egypt. Asian J Earth Sci X 6:100066

    Google Scholar 

  • Touil A, Hibti M, Bilal E, El Khalile A (2014) Chemistry of minerals from the Azegour skarn deposits, western High Atlas, Morocco. Rom J Miner Deposits 87(2):67–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Volesky JC, Leybourne MI, Stern RJ, Peter JM, Layton-Matthews D, Rice S, Johnson PR (2017) Metavolcanic host rocks, mineralization, and gossans of the Shaib al Tair and Rabathan volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits of the Wadi Bidah Mineral District, Saudi Arabia. Int Geol Rev 59:1975–2002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zoheir BA (2004) Gold mineralization in the Um El Tuyor area, South Eastern Desert, Egypt: geologic context, characteristics and genesis. Inaug Dissertation. LM-University Munich, 159 p

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoheir BA, Moritz R (2007) Fluid evolution and gold deposition conditions of the El-Sid Gold deposit, Egypt. Eur Curr Res Fluid Incl 258

    Google Scholar 

  • Zoheir BA, Akawy A, Hassan I (2008a) Role of fluid mixing in gold mineralization at the Semna mine area, central Eastern Desert of Egypt: evidence for hydrothermal alteration, fluid inclusions and stable isotope data. Ore Geol Rev 34:580–596

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zoheir BA, El-Shazly AK, Helba H, Khalil KI, Bodnar RJ (2008b) Origin and evolution of the Umm Egat and Dungash orogenic gold deposits, Egyptian eastern desert: evidence from fluid inclusions in quartz. Econ Geol 103:405–424

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zoheir BA, Akawy A, Imbarak H (2008c) Role of fluid mixing and wallrock sulfidation in gold mineralization at the Semna Mine area, central Eastern Desert of Egypt: evidence from hydrothermal alteration, fluid inclusions and stable isotope data. Ore Geol Rev 34(4):580–596

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adel A. Surour .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Surour, A.A. (2024). Metallic Ores in North Africa: New Results and Achievements in the Post-2016 Era. In: Hamimi, Z., et al. The Geology of North Africa. Regional Geology Reviews. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48299-1_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics