Abstract
The building sector is responsible for nearly 40% of greenhouse gas emissions, which have a major impact on climate change. One of the strategies to alleviate this problem is to increase the use of wood in the construction of buildings. However, the adhesives used in the design of engineered wood products are synthetic adhesives that rely heavily on the use of materials of fossil origin and therefore non-renewable, such as formaldehyde. Common methods used to reduce formaldehyde emissions from wood panels are to use polyurethane adhesives, formaldehyde-free adhesives. In order to increase the biobased content, it is also common to add certain compounds such as proteins. Proteins are compounds present in appreciable quantities in plants, and can increase the adhesion strength of adhesives on different substrates, including wood. In this study, a protein concentrate was prepared from microbrewery spent grains. The nitrogen content, thermal behavior, molecular weight, and structure of these proteins were then evaluated to facilitate and understand their incorporation into a polyurethane adhesive system. The adhesives were formulated with different protein incorporation percentages: 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and compared to a petrochemical reference. This paper highlights the fact that the incorporation of proteins makes it possible to maintain, or even increase, the properties of the adhesives, particularly the mechanical strength. An increase in pot life was also observed.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Marie Soula and Aurélien Hermann for their valuable assistance. Thanks to Patrick Leclerc for the CNS analysis, Victor Fourcassié and Sylvie Bourassa for their expertise on proteins, and thanks to Yves Bédard, Daniel Bourgault, Luc Germain, Benoit St-Pierre and Jean Ouellet for their help with the various analyses. The authors would also like to thank the Renewable materials research center and the NSERC industrial chair on eco-responsible wood construction (CIRCERB) and its industrial partners.
Funding
The authors are grateful to Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for the financial support through its IRC and CRD programs (IRCPJ 461745- 18 and RDCPJ 524504–18) as well as the industrial partners of the NSERC industrial chair on eco-responsible wood construction (CIRCERB). The authors are also grateful to the Ministère de l'Économie et de l'Innovation du Québec through the PSO-I-009 project.
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Mary, A., Blanchet, P., Landry, V. (2023). Polyurethane Wood Adhesives from Microbrewery Spent Grains. In: Amziane, S., Merta, I., Page, J. (eds) Bio-Based Building Materials. ICBBM 2023. RILEM Bookseries, vol 45. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33465-8_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33465-8_2
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