Abstract
Biliary colic and acute cholecystitis are some of the most common causes of access to the emergency department associated with abdominal pain. Pain in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) and the presence of calculous within the gallbladder is indicative in both conditions, but signs of local and systemic inflammation are absent in the biliary colic. Diagnosis must be precise and fast to minimize potential complications of this condition and it is usually done with clinical examination, laboratory tests, and ultrasound. The World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) and the Tokyo guidelines group released guidelines for the management of this condition.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Naidu K, Beenen E, Gananadha S, Mosse C. The yield of fever, inflammatory markers and ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis: a validation of the 2013 Tokyo guidelines. World J Surg. 2016;40:2892–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-016-3660-5.
Regimbeau JM, Fuks D, Pautrat K, et al. Effect of postoperative antibiotic administration on postoperative infection following cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014;312:145–54. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.7586.
Shaffer EA. Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstone disease: has the paradigm changed in the 21st century? Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2005;7:132–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11894-005-0051-8.
Yokoe M, Hata J, Takada T, et al. Tokyo guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystitis (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25:41–54. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.515.
Jarrar BM, Al-Rowaili MA. Chemical composition of gallstones from Al-Jouf Province of Saudi Arabia. Malays J Med Sci. 2011;18:47–52.
Pisano M, Allievi N, Gurusamy K, et al. 2020 World Society of Emergency Surgery updated guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute calculus cholecystitis. World J Emerg Surg. 2020;15:61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13017-020-00336-x.
Byrne JJ, Berger RL. The pathogenesis of acute cholecystitis. Arch Surg. 1960;81:812–6. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1960.01300050134024.
EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on the prevention. Diagnosis and treatment of gallstones. J Hepatol. 2016;2016:005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2016.03.005.
Mayumi T, Okamoto K, Takada T, et al. Tokyo guidelines 2018: management bundles for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25:96–100. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.519.
Gutt CN, Encke J, Köninger J, et al. Acute cholecystitis: early versus delayed cholecystectomy, a multicenter randomized trial (ACDC study, NCT00447304). Ann Surg. 2013;258:385–93. https://doi.org/10.1097/sla.0b013e3182a1599b.
Loozen CS, Van Santvoort HC, Van Duijvendijk P, Besselink MG, Gouma DJ, Nieuwenhuijzen GA, et al. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus percutaneous catheter drainage for acute cholecystitis in high risk patients (CHOCOLATE): multicentre randomised clinical trial. BMJ. 2018;363:k3965.
Teoh AYB, Kitano M, Itoi T, Pérez-Miranda M, Ogura T, Chan SM, et al. Endosonography-guided gallbladder drainage versus percutaneous cholecystostomy in very high-risk surgical patients with acute cholecystitis: an international randomised multicentre controlled superiority trial (DRAC 1). Gut. 2020;69(6):1085–91.
Maple JT, Ben-Menachem T, Anderson MA, Appalaneni V, Banerjee S, Cash BD, et al. The role of endoscopy in the evaluation of suspected choledocholithiasis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2010;71(1):1–9.
Williams EJ, Green J, Beckingham I, et al. Guidelines on the management of common bile duct stones (CBDS). Gut. 2008;57:1004–21. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.2007.121657.
Khoury T, Kadah A, Mari A, et al. A validated score predicting common bile duct stone in patients hospitalized with acute calculus cholecystitis: a multi-center retrospective study. Surg Endosc. 2021;35:3709–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-020-07853-5.
Further Reading
Mayumi T, Okamoto K, Takada T, et al. Tokyo guidelines 2018: management bundles for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25:96–100. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.519.
Pisano M, Allievi N, Gurusamy K, et al. 2020 World Society of Emergency Surgery updated guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute calculus cholecystitis. World J Emerg Surg. 2020;15:61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13017-020-00336-x.
Yokoe M, Hata J, Takada T, et al. Tokyo guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholecystitis (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018;25:41–54. https://doi.org/10.1002/jhbp.515.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fugazzola, P., Improta, M., Ansaloni, L. (2023). Biliary Colic and Acute Cholecystitis. In: Coccolini, F., Catena, F. (eds) Textbook of Emergency General Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22599-4_60
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22599-4_60
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-22598-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-22599-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)