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Microbial and Plant Cell Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring

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Nanobiosensors for Environmental Monitoring

Abstract

The quest to develop more effective and cost-efficient environmental monitoring methods has efficiently improved with high sensitivity, rapidness, and selectivity, over the traditional low detecting and analytical methods such as capillary electrophoresis, potentiometric biosensor Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM), chromatographic techniques, Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM), thermal and piezoelectric biosensors, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Recent advances have led to the development of improved biological sensors that exhibit the capability to detect and analyze parameters by using bio-recognition elements. These sensitive and effective biosensors at nanoparticle range are becoming more efficient and cost-effective means of monitoring food analysis and our environment. Further, the use of fluorescence in environmental monitoring systems with the aid of green fluorescence protein (GFP) and yellow fluorescence proteins (YFP), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based biosensors (genosensors) have now been engaged to provide a friendlier environment. Moreover, gold nanorods DNA biosensors (GNRs-DNA) are utilized for the identification of microorganisms. Another improvement is detecting bacterial cells and metabolites by nano/micro biosensors such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). This biosensor utilizes the spectroscopic analysis method to detect microbes, disease markers, explosives, and chemicals. In this, biosensors for food-borne diseases and environmental monitoring sensors will be evaluated and discussed and the use of genetically modified microorganisms for microbial biosensors.

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Acknowledgements

C.O.A., J.T.M., A.I., O.T.O., and O.F.A. are thankful to their respective institutions. K.R.B.S. is thankful to Dr. Ajaya Singh and Principal of Govt. V. Y. T. PG. Autonomous College, Durg, India, for providing a working platform for completing this work diligently and smoothly. V.N. extends her gratitude of thanks to Dr. Ravindra Pratap Singh for providing this opportunity to write this chapter. J.S. expresses their gratitude for the DST-INSPIRE faculty Fellowship, BHU (IoE grant), and UGC New Delhi for financial support. R.P.S. is thankful to Hon'ble Vice chancellor, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, M.P., India, for providing financial assistance to work smoothly and diligently.

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Correspondence to Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji .

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Oluwaseun Adetunji, C. et al. (2022). Microbial and Plant Cell Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring. In: Singh, R.P., Ukhurebor, K.E., Singh, J., Adetunji, C.O., Singh, K.R. (eds) Nanobiosensors for Environmental Monitoring. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16106-3_9

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