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The Role of Diagnostic Microdevices in the Fight Against Tuberculosis

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Tuberculosis

Part of the book series: Integrated Science ((IS,volume 11))

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Summary

The high incidence and mortality associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) bring forward the necessity of rapid and accurate diagnosis. Microfluidic techniques present characteristics able to cover the gaps between current assays and clinical needs for disease management. Moreover, they bring a cost- and time-effective Point of Care (PoC) diagnosis methodology, with multiples advantages of special importance in countries with low income and resources. The devices can be classified according to the diagnosis method, which can be based on the detection of bacterial elements (such as enzymes or antibodies) or on genotyping through amplification of the nucleic acid information. In the latter case, there are devices capable of providing information about the drug resistance of the particular strains, while others provide just a “yes/no” answer, differentiating M. tb from other mycobacterial infections. The main goal attempted by all the devices remains to achieve portability and ease of use required for a PoC device, besides the required precision.

Graphical Abstract

The role of microfluidics in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. Microfluidic devices can be used to diagnose TB as well as to detect drug-resistant strains. These devices are based on detecting bacterial elements or on genotyping the bacterial nucleic acids.

As any doctor can tell you, the most crucial step toward healing is having the right diagnosis. If the disease is precisely identified, a good resolution is far more likely. Conversely, a bad diagnosis usually means a bad outcome, no matter how skilled the physician.

Andrew Weil

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Dual-targeting fluorogenic probe with a BlaC sensing unit, a fluorescent reporter and an enzymatic signal trapping unit.

  2. 2.

    FlowJo v10.

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Acknowledgements

This research has received funding from the project ERA4TB, Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 853989. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and EFPIA and Global Alliance for TB Drug Development nonprofit organization, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and the University of Dundee. This work is supported in part by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, under grant PID2019-109820RB-I00, MCIN/AEI /https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033/, cofinanced by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), “A way of making Europe.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Avenida de la Universidad, 30, 28911, Leganés, Spain

    Marina Cañadas-Ortega, Clara Gómez-Cruz, Juan José Vaquero & Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia

  2. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28009, Madrid, Spain

    Juan José Vaquero & Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia

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  1. Marina Cañadas-Ortega
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  2. Clara Gómez-Cruz
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  3. Juan José Vaquero
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  4. Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia
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Correspondence to Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia .

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  1. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stockholm, Sweden

    Nima Rezaei

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Cañadas-Ortega, M., Gómez-Cruz, C., Vaquero, J.J., Muñoz-Barrutia, A. (2023). The Role of Diagnostic Microdevices in the Fight Against Tuberculosis. In: Rezaei, N. (eds) Tuberculosis. Integrated Science, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15955-8_7

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