Abstract
Sensory experiences are traditionally thought of in linear sequences. The sensory organ detects a stimulus and sends a signal to the spinal cord, which sends it to the brain, where it is interpreted and sometimes acted upon according to established anatomical pathways. These pathways can be thought of as “labelled lines”. Under these sequences, an orderly process either happens or it does not. Labelled lines can be damaged or transected. This chapter discusses some aspects of altered but intact function that underlie symptoms that may be strange and “non-linear” such as neuropathy, allodynia, hyperalgesia and hypersensitivity.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gomes FIF, Cunha FQ, Cunha TM. Peripheral nitric oxide signaling directly blocks inflammatory pain. Biochem Pharmacol. 2020;176:113862.
Seifert O, Baerwald C. Interaction of pain and chronic inflammation. Z Rheumatol. 2021;80(3):205–13.
Oostinga D, Steverink JG, van Wijck AJM, Verlaan JJ. An understanding of bone pain: a narrative review. Bone. 2020;134:115272.
Iyengar S, Ossipov MH, Johnson KW. The role of calcitonin gene-related peptide in peripheral and central pain mechanisms including migraine. Pain. 2017;158(4):543–59.
Mai L, Huang F, Zhu X, He H, Fan W. Role of nerve growth factor in orofacial pain. J Pain Res. 2020;13:1875–82.
Schaible HG, Richter F. Pathophysiology of pain. Langenbeck's Arch Surg. 2004;389(4):237–43.
Ji RR, Nackley A, Huh Y, Terrando N, Maixner W. Neuroinflammation and central sensitization in chronic and widespread pain. Anesthesiology. 2018;129(2):343–66.
Chung MK, Ro JY. Peripheral glutamate receptor and transient receptor potential channel mechanisms of craniofacial muscle pain. Mol Pain. 2020;16:1744806920914204.
Matsuda M, Huh Y, Ji RR. Roles of inflammation, neurogenic inflammation, and neuroinflammation in pain. J Anesth. 2019;33(1):131–9.
So K. Roles of TRPA1 in painful dysesthesia. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2020;140(1):1–6.
Khan A, Khan S, Kim YS. Insight into pain modulation: nociceptors sensitization and therapeutic targets. Curr Drug Targets. 2019;20(7):775–88.
Kremer M, Salvat E, Muller A, Yalcin I, Barrot M. Antidepressants and gabapentinoids in neuropathic pain: mechanistic insights. Neuroscience. 2016;338:183–206.
Iyengar S, Johnson KW, Ossipov MH, Aurora SK. CGRP and the trigeminal system in migraine. Headache. 2019;59(5):659–81.
Littlejohn G, Guymer E. Neurogenic inflammation in fibromyalgia. Semin Immunopathol. 2018;40(3):291–300.
Reynolds WS, Dmochowski R, Wein A, Bruehl S. Does central sensitization help explain idiopathic overactive bladder? Nat Rev Urol. 2016;13(8):481–91.
Clauw DJ, Essex MN, Pitman V, Jones KD. Reframing chronic pain as a disease, not a symptom: rationale and implications for pain management. Postgrad Med. 2019;131(3):185–98.
Finnerup NB, Kuner R, Jensen TS. Neuropathic pain: from mechanisms to treatment. Physiol Rev. 2021;101(1):259–301.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Blakley, B.W. (2023). Altered Sensation. In: Blakley, B.W., Blakley, J.E. (eds) Functional Illness of the Head and Neck. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12998-8_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12998-8_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-12997-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-12998-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)