Abstract
The concept of generic agricultural biotechnology has been introduced recently as patents on the first genetically modified (GM) crops have expired, and new opportunities for crop development at reduced costs appear. This model has been successfully explored in Colombia through the commercial approval of off-patent corn and the development of agbiogeneric soybean. The use of cisgenic crops can further reduce regulatory requirements as the use of sexually compatible gene pools reduces risk perception and increases acceptance. Among cisgenic crops, potatoes have acquired a dominant position in the market through the two generations of Innate® cultivars. The second of these generations includes an R gene from a Solanum species, Rpi-vnt1. Other R genes have been identified and tested for efficacy and biosafety in conferring resistance to P. infestans in potato, including Rpi.blb1. We did a global and national patent search to determine if these genes and associated technologies are protected by patents in Colombia. In this preliminary freedom to operate (FTO) analysis, no intellectual property (IP) protection was found in the country, so we suggest that late blight-resistant potato cultivars could be developed in the country as a cisgenic crop with two stacked R genes.
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Acknowledgements
Professor Alejandro Chaparro-Giraldo received and accepted the editor’s kind invitation to contribute with this chapter. He conceived its main idea and structure and invited some of the members of the research group he led to take part in its writing. Sadly, he left us too early and did not live to see it completed. We finished what he started as a homage to his academic legacy and his generosity towards his students and colleagues. In his loving memory, we hope science and technology reach and benefit farmers and consumers all over the world, especially in developing countries.
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Mora-Oberlaender, J., Jiménez-Barreto, J., Rodríguez-Abril, Y., Estrada-Arteaga, M., Chaparro-Giraldo, A. (2022). Opportunities for Generic Cisgenic Crops. In: Chaurasia, A., Kole, C. (eds) Cisgenic Crops: Potential and Prospects. Concepts and Strategies in Plant Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06628-3_6
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