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Minimising Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Patients with Hypopituitarism

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Pituitary Disorders throughout the Life Cycle

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Abstract

Hypopituitarism, irrespective of the underlying cause, is a complicated condition, which requires careful hormone assessment and optimal replacement therapy. Deficiencies of one or more pituitary hormones, such as growth hormone, thyroid hormone, cortisol, or gonadal hormones, have been associated with adverse effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, vascular endothelial cells, as well as weight regulation and fat deposition. Moreover, the time and route of administration and the dose of hormone replacement are also important mediators of the cardiovascular risk profile, requiring careful titration. The aim of this chapter is to (1) review the pathophysiology of pituitary hormone deficiencies and their link with glucose and lipid metabolism as well as with endothelial function, (2) to provide an overview of important studies highlighting the implications of hormone deficiencies on cardiometabolic risk, and (3) to provide advice on the management of hormone deficiencies, highlighting possible implications for the overall cardiometabolic risk of the individual.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Royal Free Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK

    Eleni Armeni

  2. Centre for Endocrinology, Barts and the London School of Medicine, London, and Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Ashley Grossman

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  1. Eleni Armeni
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Correspondence to Ashley Grossman .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Susan L. Samson

  2. Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Adriana G. Ioachimescu

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Armeni, E., Grossman, A. (2022). Minimising Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Patients with Hypopituitarism. In: Samson, S.L., Ioachimescu, A.G. (eds) Pituitary Disorders throughout the Life Cycle. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99918-6_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99918-6_20

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