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Modes of Action of Probiotics

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Probiotics in Aquaculture

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Abstract

In recent years, technological advances in the microbiology and omics and bioinformatics fields have greatly expanded our understanding of the mechanisms of action of probiotics. However, probiotics seem to work in a strain and host species-dependent fashion, and only a small amount of information on the modes of action of beneficial bacteria used for aquatic animals is available. In this chapter, the mechanisms of action of probiotics will be reviewed; this will include traditional effects, including competitive exclusion of pathogens, increased enzymatic activity, and production of volatile fatty acids, as well as recent findings, such as modulation of immune responses at the molecular level, upregulation of low molecular weight metabolites, and bidirectional communication between the brain and gut. Further research is needed to elucidate the precise molecular mechanisms of action of probiotics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Science Technology and International Affairs, HUTECH University, 475A Dien Bien Phu Street, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Thanh Luan Nguyen

  2. NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam

    Hai Ha Pham Thi

  3. Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea

    Yoonhang Lee, Juyeop Lee & Do-Hyung Kim

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  1. Thanh Luan Nguyen
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  2. Hai Ha Pham Thi
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  3. Yoonhang Lee
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  4. Juyeop Lee
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  5. Do-Hyung Kim
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Correspondence to Do-Hyung Kim .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK

    Brian Austin

  2. Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh

    S.M. Sharifuzzaman

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Nguyen, T.L., Thi, H.H.P., Lee, Y., Lee, J., Kim, DH. (2022). Modes of Action of Probiotics. In: Austin, B., Sharifuzzaman, S. (eds) Probiotics in Aquaculture. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98621-6_12

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