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Electromyography

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Intraoperative Monitoring

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Abstract

Electromyography identifies muscle fiber depolarization and is an essential part of multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. Recording electrodes may be placed on the skin surface, subdermally or intramuscularly, with each type of electrode having its advantages and limitations. Spontaneous electromyography (EMG) recordings detect mechanical stimulation of nerves that are at risk of injury during dissection. Stimulated EMG helps to locate neural structures in the surgical field. Stimulation probes may be monopolar, with a wider stimulation field, or bipolar which provides a greater specificity of stimulation.

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Abbreviations

EMG:

Electromyography

IOM:

Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring

SED:

Suprasegmentally induced EMG discharge

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Intercoastal Medical Group, Sarasota, FL, USA

    Francisco Tellechea Rotta

  2. Brazilian Clinical Neurophysiology Society, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Carlo Domênico Marrone

  3. Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring, Department Coordinator of Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Carlo Domênico Marrone

  4. Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Carlo Domênico Marrone

  5. Clínica Marrone, Clinical Neurophysiology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Carlo Domênico Marrone

  6. Department of Neurophysiology, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Ana Maria Hoppe

Authors
  1. Francisco Tellechea Rotta
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  2. Carlo Domênico Marrone
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  3. Ana Maria Hoppe
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francisco Tellechea Rotta .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa (Research and Teaching Institute), Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil

    Silvia Mazzali Verst

  2. Neurophisiology Department, Vitoria Apart Hospital, Serra, Espírito Santo, Brazil

    Maria Rufina Barros

  3. Neurosurgery Department, Hospital Sírio Libanês, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Marcos Vinicius Calfat Maldaun

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Rotta, F.T., Marrone, C.D., Hoppe, A.M. (2022). Electromyography. In: Verst, S.M., Barros, M.R., Maldaun, M.V.C. (eds) Intraoperative Monitoring. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95730-8_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95730-8_11

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-95729-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-95730-8

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