Abstract
In addition to having a high degree of freedom and self-organization, the Mediterranean city has been outlined as the place where a high degree of spatial, cultural, but also institutional disorder is achieved. The city is sometimes read in its many components as represented by a “difficult order to understand”. Therefore, in this chapter, we try to define and describe the main aspects and issues of this fragile landscape. We will discuss the difference between the formation of the metropolis and the settlement disorder, paying attention to some examples from Easter Mediterranean, Italy, Spain, Southern France or Greece. Moreover, the socio-economic structure of Barcelona, Rome and Athens will be used as an example to explain the metropolitan growth and urban sprawl. They appear very different, although they are all located in the Mediterranean basin. Each one has a unique and different territorial configuration and the phenomenon of urban sprawl has adapted differently, following the economic and social connotations of the countries under investigation.
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Notes
- 1.
Shrinking cities are understood here as cities that have undergone a significant drop in population, emigrated to more peripheral areas. Haase et al. (2013) emphasize the diversity of shrinking cities, interpreting shrinkage as a context where macro-processes produce very different outcomes at the local level, which can only be read by taking into consideration the specific history of the city where they occur. To remain within the Italian landscape on which a focus is placed in this paragraph, the main features of urbanization are not only connected to a long history of political fragmentation of the soil, but also to very different rural models present in the North, Center and South. “It is not only the legacy of large land properties cultivated by wage laborers that makes the difference between North and South, but also the different way in which industrialization formed the entrance into modernity. As already pointed out by Lila Leontidou for the Greek case (1990), it was not the factories that caused the urbanization but the dissolution of the countryside” (Bini et al. 2014).
- 2.
The fact that the major centers tend to lose the highest-level services and the poles of excellence on the one hand reduces the hierarchy of the territory, on the other it creates a metropolitan structure, not concentrated. This phenomenon is seen with concern by individual local administrations, which exercise their attention on the point and who perhaps are not yet ready for a management of the large area.
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Tombolini, I., Rodrigo-Comino, J., Salvati, L. (2022). Mediterranean Europe, a Fragile Landscape: Metropolitan Growth and Urban Sprawl. In: Land Quality and Sustainable Urban Forms. Springer Geography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94732-3_3
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