Skip to main content

Principles of Hypospadias Surgery

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Hypospadias Surgery
  • 1320 Accesses

Abstract

Several factors influence the outcome of hypospadias surgery. Accurate preoperative assessment of the ventral penis and the degree of hypoplasia is essential to choose the suitable technique for each individual patient. Magnification, fine instruments, and suture material are important parameters. Tissue handling and inverting subcuticular sutures play important roles. Silicone catheters and stents and appropriate dressing may reduce the incidence of complications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

CEDU:

Chordee Excision and Distal Urethroplasty

DSD:

Disorders of sex development

References

  1. Duckett JW, Baskin LS. Hypospadias. In: Gillenwater JY, Grayhack JT, Howards SS, Duckett JW, editors. Adult and pediatric urology. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book; 1996. p. 2549–89.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Schonfeld WA, Beebe GW. Normal growth and variation in the male genitalia from birth to maturity. J Urol. 1942; https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)70767-7.

  3. Wacksman J. Results of early hypospadias surgery using optical magnification. J Urol. 1984; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)50474-7.

  4. MJW R, Sinclair SW, Hiles RW, PJB S. A 10-year prospective study of hypospadias repair at Frenchay hospital. Br J Urol. 1981; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.1981.tb03280.x.

  5. Katz AR, Turner RJ. Evaluation of tensile and absorption properties of polyglycolic acid sutures. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1970;131

    Google Scholar 

  6. Van Winkle W, Hastings JC. Considerations in the choice of suture material for various tissues. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1972; https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-197303000-00057.

  7. Holmlund DEW. Knot properties of surgical suture materials. A model study. Acta Chir Scand. 1974;140

    Google Scholar 

  8. Edlich RF, Rodeheaver GT, Thacker JG. Considerations in the choice of sutures for wound closure of the genitourinary tract. J Urol. 1987; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)44038-9.

  9. Case GD, Glenn JF, Postlethwait RW. Comparison of absorbable sutures in urinary bladder. Urology. 1976; https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-4295(76)90304-6.

  10. El-Mahrouky A, McElhaney J, Bartone FF, King L. In vitro comparison of the properties of polydioxanone, polyglycolic acid and catgut sutures in sterile and infected urine. J Urol. 1987; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)43415-X.

  11. Sebeseri O, Keller U, Spreng P, Tscholl R, Zingg E. The physical properties of polyglycolic acid sutures (Dexon) in sterile and infected urine. Invest Urol. 1975;12

    Google Scholar 

  12. Holbrook MC. The resistance of Polyglycolic acid sutures to attack by infected human urine. Br J Urol. 1982; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.1982.tb06986.x.

  13. Stewart DW, Buffington PJ, Wacksman J. Suture material in bladder surgery a comparison of polydioxanone, polyglactin, and chromic catgut. J Urol. 1990; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)40250-3.

  14. Cohen EL, Kirschenbaum A, Glenn JF. Preclinical evaluation of PDS (polydioxanone) synthetic absorbable suture vs chromic surgical gut in urologic surgery. Urology. 1987; https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-4295(87)90303-7.

  15. Guarino N, Vallasciani SA, Marrocco G. A new suture material for hypospadias surgery: a comparative study. Int Braz J Urol. 2009; https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-55382009000100022.

  16. Hadidi AT. Y-V Glanuloplasty a new modification in the surgery of hypospadias. Kasr El Aini Med J. 1996;2:223–33.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ulman I, Erikçi V, Avanoǧlu A, Gökdemir A. The effect of suturing technique and material on complication rate following hypospadias repair. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 1997; https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1071079.

  18. Retik AB, Keating M, Mandell J. Complications of hypospadias repair. Urol Clin North Am. 1988;15:223–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Bao Z, Gao M, Sun Y, Nian R, Xian M. The recent progress of tissue adhesives in design strategies, adhesive mechanism and applications. Mater Sci Eng C. 2020; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.110796.

  20. Tsur H, Slutzky S, Shafir R. Hypospadias repair with subcutaneous suture and tissue adhesive for surface closure. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1979; https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-197910000-00015.

  21. Hosseinpour M, Etezazian S, Hamsaieh M. Cryocalcium glue in hypospadias surgery. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 2019; https://doi.org/10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_159_18.

  22. Bhamidipati CM, Coselli JS, LeMaire SA. BioGlue® in 2011: what is its role in cardiac surgery? J Extra Corpor Technol. 2012;44

    Google Scholar 

  23. Kinahan TJ, Johnson HW. Tisseel in hypospadias repair. Can J Surg. 1992; https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3468(93)90298-y.

  24. Ohsumi N. Postoperative compressive penile dressing using fibrin seal (Tisseel) and tulle gauze for hypospadias repair. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1998; https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199805000-00058.

  25. Tan HL, Nah SA, Budianto II, Sehat S, Tamba R. The use of octyl cyanoacrylate (superglue) in hypospadias repair including its use as a fixator for urethral stents. J Pediatr Surg. 2012; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2012.09.022.

  26. Redman JF, Smith JP. Surgical dressing for hypospadias repair. Urology. 1974;4:739–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Elder JS, Duckett JW, Snyder HM. Onlay island flap in the repair of mid and distal penile hypospadias without chordee. J Urol. 1987; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)43152-1.

  28. Freedman AL. Dressings, stents and tubes. In: Ehrlich RM, Alter GJ, editors. Reconstructive and plastic surgery of the external genitalia: Adult and pediatric. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1999. p. 159–62.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Duplay S. Sur le traitement chirurgical de l’hypospadias et de l’epispadias. Arch Gen Med. 1880:5–257.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Byars LT. Functional restoration of hypospadias deformities; with a report of 60 completed cases. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1951;92(2):149–54.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Hadidi AT. Perineal hypospadias: back to the future Chordee excision & distal urethroplasty. J Pediatr Urol. 2018; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.08.014.

  32. Cromie WJ, Bellinger MF. Hypospadias dressings and diversions. Urol Clin North Am. 1981;8

    Google Scholar 

  33. Baskin LS, Duckett JW, Ueoka K, Seibold J, Snyder HM. Changing concepts of hypospadias curvature lead to more onlay island flap procedures. J Urol. 1994; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)34915-7.

  34. Rabinowitz R. Outpatient catheterless modified Mathieu hypospadias repair. J Urol. 1987; https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)43506-3.

  35. Wheeler RA, Malone PS, Griffiths DM, Burge DM. The Mathieu operation. Is a urethral stent mandatory? Br J Urol. 1993; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.1993.tb16007.x.

  36. Hakim S, Merguerian PA, Rabinowitz R, Shortliffe LD, McKenna PH. Outcome analysis of the modified mathieu hypospadias repair: comparison of stented and unstented repairs. J Urol. 1996; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65834-8.

  37. Steckler RE, Zaontz MR, Hulbert WC, et al. Stent-free Thiersch-Duplay hypospadias repair with the Snodgrass modification. J Urol. 1997; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)64417-3.

  38. Buson H, Smiley D, Reinberg Y, Gonzalez R, Rubinowitz R. Distal hypospadias repair without stents: is it better? J Urol. 1994; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)35180-7.

  39. Demirbilek S, Atayurt HF. One-stage hypospadias with stent or suprapubic diversion: which is better? J Pediatr Surg. 1997; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3468(97)90511-X.

  40. Falkowski WS, Firlit CF. Hypospadias surgery: the X-shaped elastic dressing. J Urol. 1980; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)56187-X.

  41. De Sy WA, Oosterlinck W. Silicone foam elastomer: A significant improvement in postoperative penile dressing. J Urol. 1982; https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)52744-5.

  42. Vordermark JS. Adhesive membrane: a new dressing for hypospadias. Urology. 1987;29

    Google Scholar 

  43. Patil UB, Alvarez J. Simple effective hypospadias repair dressing. Urology. 1989; https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-4295(89)90157-x.

  44. Tan KK, Reid CD. A simple penile dressing following hypospadias surgery. Br J Plast Surg. 1990; https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-1226(90)90134-L.

  45. Redman JF. A dressing technique that facilitates outpatient hypospadias surgery. Urology. 1991;37:248–50.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Van Savage JG, Palanca LG, Slaughenhoupt BL. A prospective randomized trial of dressings versus no dressings for hypospadias repair. J Urol. 2000; https://doi.org/10.1097/00005392-200009020-00015.

  47. McLorie G, Joyner B, Herz D, McCallum J, Bagli D, Merguerian P, Khoury A. A prospective randomized clinical trial to evaluate methods of postoperative care of hypospadias. J Urol. 2001; https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(05)66388-4.

  48. Hadidi AT, Abdaal N, Kaddah S. Hypospadias repair: is dressing important? Kasr El Aini J Surg. 2003;4:37–44.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Hadidi, A.T. (2022). Principles of Hypospadias Surgery. In: Hadidi, A.T. (eds) Hypospadias Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94248-9_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94248-9_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-94247-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-94248-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics