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Moral Reasoning, Ethics Facilitation and Virtue

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Clinical Ethics for Consultation Practice

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Abstract

Health care ethics consultation examines value-laden issues through a moral lens. This moral lens allows individual consultants to engage with stakeholders and uncover value-based determinations for patients and their families. However, current methods that aid a consultant’s arrival at moral determinations confine themselves to skill-based assessments that, although applicable, must also be understood in terms of moral reasoning. For instance, Jonsen, Siegler, and Winslade’s Four Topics approach covers aspects of clinical consultations that ensure the ethical treatment of patients. The Four Topics method grounds its reasoning in the four principles of biomedical ethics: Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, Autonomy, and Justice. However, the Four Topics approach, among other consultation skills, becomes far more effective if the ethicist uses these practical skills after understanding the function of analytic moral reasoning and its relationship with ethical decision-making.

This chapter introduces new considerations surrounding the evaluative processes a clinical ethicist uses to assess value-laden situations in health care. Though the ethics consultation case methodologies discussed in chapter two provide theoretical templates for critical thinking, clinical ethics consultation requires a normative basis for ethical assessments. The merging of normative ethical theories and contemporary consultation methodologies yields analytic moral reasoning skills lacking in ethics consultation training.

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Bertino, J.T. (2022). Moral Reasoning, Ethics Facilitation and Virtue. In: Clinical Ethics for Consultation Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90182-0_3

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