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Zooplankton Diversity and Their Spatiotemporal Distribution: An Ecological Assessment from a Brackish Coastal Lagoon, Chilika, Odisha

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Coastal Ecosystems

Part of the book series: Coastal Research Library ((COASTALRL,volume 38))

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Abstract

Zooplankton constitutes a pivotal component in the pelagic food webs and serves as the major source of fish diet, thereby determining the productivity of coastal fisheries. Therefore, understanding zooplankton diversity and their ecology in coastal lagoon settings is a high priority research area. We examined the spatiotemporal distribution of zooplankton diversity (size >120 μm) in relation to environmental variables in Chilika lagoon. The sampling was conducted on the monthly frequency from July 2012 to June 2016 from 13 locations and identified a total of 186 zooplankton taxa which included 131 as first record from the Chilika lagoon. To date, a total inventory of 263 species of holoplankton represented by 16 diverse categories of organisms, namely, Ciliophora (51), Foraminifera (13), Tubulinea (5), Rotifera (42), Hydrozoa (1), Ctenophora (1), Nematoda (1), Polychaeta (3), Gastropoda (12), Bivalvia (5), Cladocera (13), Copepoda (95), Ostracoda (4), Malacostraca (13), Chaetognatha (2), Chordata (2), and 23 types of meroplankton were identified. Chilika lagoon exhibited a significant variation in salinity (0–35.5) at spatiotemporal scale and consisted of marine, brackish, and freshwater zooplankton along the estuarine salinity gradient. Copepods emerged as one of the most dominant and diverse zooplankton group in terms of species richness, abundance, and widespread distribution. Among the four orders of Copepoda (i.e., Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida, and Poecilostomatoida), Calanoida was the most abundant one. An important component of total zooplankton pool, i.e., microzooplankton (20–200 μm), was also examined in relation to environmental variables. Ciliophora dominated the microzooplankton community followed by copepod nauplii and Rotifera, except in the freshwater zone of the lagoon. Foraminifera, cirripede nauplii, gastropod veliger, and bivalve veliger were minor contributors in microzooplankton. Salinity and phytoplankton abundances were the major factors influencing microzooplankton community composition. The present study highlighted the necessity of a long-term systematic monitoring of zooplankton diversity and composition in Chilika lagoon.

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Acknowledgments

The study was supported from the funding of World Bank (Credit No. 4765-IN) awarded to Chilika Development Authority (Government of Odisha) under the Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project (ICZMP). Mr. Bibhuti Bhusan Dora, Research Fellow, GIS Cell of CDA, is acknowledged for the preparation of sampling map. The staff of the CDA is acknowledged for their generous help in sampling.

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  1. Suchismita Srichandan

    Present address: Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, Odisha, India

    Suchismita Srichandan & Gurdeep Rastogi

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  1. Suchismita Srichandan
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  2. Gurdeep Rastogi
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  1. Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sughosh Madhav

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Sadaf Nazneen

  3. PGDAV College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Pardeep Singh

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Srichandan, S., Rastogi, G. (2022). Zooplankton Diversity and Their Spatiotemporal Distribution: An Ecological Assessment from a Brackish Coastal Lagoon, Chilika, Odisha. In: Madhav, S., Nazneen, S., Singh, P. (eds) Coastal Ecosystems. Coastal Research Library, vol 38. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84255-0_9

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