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Nanobiotechnology: A Process to Combat Abiotic Stress in Crop Plants

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Nanobiotechnology

Abstract

In recent years, the dire climatic change has increased the exposure of the crop plants to regular but various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. Reports on abiotic stresses imposing potential adverse effects on crop productivity worldwide are more than biotic stresses. Abiotic stresses mainly drought, salinity, flooding, metal toxicity, and rising temperature due to global warming disrupts the ionic and osmotic balance of the plant cell. As a result, there is restriction of diverse crop farming declining agricultural production over large areas. The declining crop production leads to negative and inevitable effects on the livelihoods of the farmers and mankind for their survival. According to a report, the maximum yield associated with abiotic stress factors is estimated to vary between 54 and 82%. Not only these stresses adversely affect the sustainability of the agricultural industry, but it also threatens the national economy and food security. Therefore, the major challenge is to manage the abiotic stress to improve crop production under abiotic stress. In the changing environmental scenario, nanobiotechnology has gained greater importance to mitigate the constraints associated with environmental stresses and is considered as a promising solution for improving crop production. The present chapter reviews the responses of the crop plants to different abiotic stresses and the potential roles of nanotechnology towards modulating the stress factors in order to secure the future of sustainable agriculture worldwide.

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  1. Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, 753003, India

    K. Kisku & Umesh C. Naik

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  1. K. Kisku
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  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

    Jameel M. Al-Khayri

  2. Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Mohammad Israil Ansari

  3. Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India

    Akhilesh Kumar Singh

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Kisku, K., Naik, U.C. (2021). Nanobiotechnology: A Process to Combat Abiotic Stress in Crop Plants. In: Al-Khayri, J.M., Ansari, M.I., Singh, A.K. (eds) Nanobiotechnology . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73606-4_7

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