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Nanoparticle Biosynthesis and Interaction with the Microbial Cell, Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Effects, and Environmental Impact

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Nanomaterial Biointeractions at the Cellular, Organismal and System Levels

Part of the book series: Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences ((NALIS))

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a rapidly emerging field provoking immense research interests due to its wide applications in the areas of technology and science. Nanotechnology has enabled the synthesis and development of various metal nanoparticles (NPs) through physical, chemical, and biological methods. Biosynthesis of metal NPs using microbes has gained wide attention because of its ability to synthesize NPs in a simple, clean, cost-effective, and eco-friendly manner. Several types of metal NPs (such as silver, gold, zinc, titanium, iron) synthesized through extracellular or intracellular mechanisms possess low toxicity and antimicrobial properties, enabling its use in medical imaging, drug delivery, antibacterial and antiviral agents, and water treatments. The interactions of such metal nanoparticles with the extra- and intracellular structures of microbes (gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria) occur through membrane disruption and reorganization. These biosynthesized metal NPs exhibit strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity, and other impacts of quorum sensing and chemotaxis in cellular signaling pathways. The environmental impact of these metal NPs, particularly the toxicity of NPs, in marine organisms are discussed in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX, USA

    Rajesh Prabhu Balaraman, Jovinna Mendel, Lauren Flores & Madhusudan Choudhary

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  1. Rajesh Prabhu Balaraman
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  2. Jovinna Mendel
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  3. Lauren Flores
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  4. Madhusudan Choudhary
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Correspondence to Madhusudan Choudhary .

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  1. Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA

    Nilesh Sharma

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Shivendra Sahi

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Prabhu Balaraman, R., Mendel, J., Flores, L., Choudhary, M. (2021). Nanoparticle Biosynthesis and Interaction with the Microbial Cell, Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Effects, and Environmental Impact. In: Sharma, N., Sahi, S. (eds) Nanomaterial Biointeractions at the Cellular, Organismal and System Levels. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65792-5_15

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