Abstract
Not until the breakthrough development of three dimensional (3D) laparoscopy, surgeons are unable to fully utilize their visual ability—most importantly, stereopsis—to perform laparoscopic surgery. The technology overcomes the cerebrally challenging eye-hand coordination within a three dimensional operative field projected on a two dimensional flat screen display.
In the modern era, laparoscopy is widely adopted in urology practice. It is regarded as one of the most significant technological milestones of the twentieth century. With the aid of 3D laparoscopy, this takes the benefits of laparoscopy to the next level. The indirect monocular view on traditional laparoscopy is replaced by binocular vision with better depth perception. Surgeons no longer have to rely solely on monocular depth cues, such as tissue colour, its light and shade, object’s relative size, aerial perspective and motion parallax. Time, accuracy and energy wasted on these techniques for monocular view do not completely compensate for stereopsis.
The benefit of better depth perception in 3D laparoscopy ameliorates surgeon fatigue, thus enhancing results in terms of learning curve in training and surgical outcomes. 3D laparoscopy benefits both the novices and experienced surgeons, where novices find it easier to pick up their pace in skills training, and seasoned surgeons are able to further finetune their performance. Amongst the various laparoscopic surgeries, those requiring intra-corporeal suturing find the depth perception and accurate anatomical measurements in 3D laparoscopy particularly useful in improving surgical outcomes and reduce complications.
The success of urology field advancements have been propagated by technology. 3D laparoscopy has taken up a monumental place in the evolution of urological history, procedures, approaches and techniques. It has developed an intricate relationship with modern urological patient management. In this chapter, we will visit the history, developments and benefits of 3D laparoscopic surgery in urology.
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Chan, S.Ys., Yuen, S.Kk., Chan, E.Sy. (2021). 3D Laparoscopy. In: Veneziano, D., Huri, E. (eds) Urologic Surgery in the Digital Era. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63948-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63948-8_4
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