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Neotropical Plant-Associated Endophytic Fungi: A Source of Promising Macromolecules for Use in Biotechnology

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Neotropical Endophytic Fungi

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Abstract

Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that inhabit plant tissues during at least one stage of their life cycle without causing any apparent disease symptoms or negative effects on their hosts. They have already been isolated from several plants, including bryophytes, pteridophytes, and angiosperms. Their diversity, ecology, and biotechnological applications from plants in temperate environments have been extensively studied; however, limited data are available on endophytic fungal communities from tropical and subtropical ecosystems. Although these microorganisms have been extensively studied in the past decades, reports on their ability to synthesize macromolecules are still limited. Majority of the studies performed so far have mainly focused on their ability to produce low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites. Macromolecules are large molecules, produced commonly via polymerization of smaller subunits. Macromolecules produced by fungi include nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, which may be used in agriculture, medicine, and various other fields. This chapter reviews the biological macromolecules produced by neotropical plant-associated endophytic fungi as well as the main studies performed to characterize and evaluate the potential biotechnological applications of these macromolecules.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Mariana de Lourdes Almeida Vieira

  2. Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Luiz Henrique Rosa

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  1. Mariana de Lourdes Almeida Vieira
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  2. Luiz Henrique Rosa
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Correspondence to Mariana de Lourdes Almeida Vieira .

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  1. Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Luiz Henrique Rosa

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de Lourdes Almeida Vieira, M., Rosa, L.H. (2021). Neotropical Plant-Associated Endophytic Fungi: A Source of Promising Macromolecules for Use in Biotechnology. In: Rosa, L.H. (eds) Neotropical Endophytic Fungi. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53506-3_13

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