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What Is Vasomotor Rhinitis?

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Challenges in Rhinology

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Abstract

The use of the term “vasomotor rhinitis” has been abandoned in many countries and guidelines because it assumes a mechanism of vascular changes which do not exist. The condition previously described by the term VMR is a form of neurogenic nonallergic rhinitis. Nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) encompasses rhinitis symptoms without allergic sensitisation or infectious aetiology. Two major subtypes exist: an eosinophilic inflammatory endotype including nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia (NARES), local allergic rhinitis (LAR) and NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) and a neurogenic endotype which includes gustatory rhinitis, rhinitis of the elderly and idiopathic rhinitis. This second endotype includes what was called VMR. Vasomotor rhinitis therefore can be defined as a nonallergic type of rhinitis not connected to allergic responses, infective agents, anatomical anomaly, systemic disorders or drug misuse. The diagnosis is made after excluding other potential diagnoses and after negative allergy testing. There may be multiple causes. In this chapter, VMR will be defined as an essential, chronic, nonallergic pattern of rhinitis in which cutaneous allergy testing is negative, there is no rise in serum IgE and nasal cytology fails to show evidence of inflammation. In this chapter, VMR is reviewed in detail.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gaziosmanpasa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey

    İbrahim Arslan

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey

    Nuray Bayar Muluk

  3. Department of Dental Materials Science and Propaedeutics of Prosthetic Dental Medicine, Audiovestibular and Sleep Medicine Centre, “Prof. Paraskev Stoyanov” Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria

    Mario Milkov

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  1. İbrahim Arslan
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  2. Nuray Bayar Muluk
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  3. Mario Milkov
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey

    Cemal Cingi

  2. Otolaryngology Department, Kırıkkale University, Faculty Medicine, Kirikkale, Turkey

    Nuray Bayar Muluk

  3. Royal National ENT Hospital, London, UK

    Glenis K Scadding

  4. Croatian Academy of Medical Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia

    Ranko Mladina

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Arslan, İ., Bayar Muluk, N., Milkov, M. (2021). What Is Vasomotor Rhinitis?. In: Cingi, C., Bayar Muluk, N., Scadding, G.K., Mladina, R. (eds) Challenges in Rhinology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50899-9_4

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