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Epicardial Adipose Tissue in the Progression and Calcification of the Coronary Artery Disease

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Biochemistry of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Obesity

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 20))

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Abstract

The relationship between obesity and coronary artery disease (CAD) may be mediated by epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). EAT volume correlates with abdominal visceral adipose tissue and as a consequence EAT is increased in patients with obesity. The presence of EAT adjacent to the coronary atherosclerotic lesions suggests a paracrine participation of this tissue in the progression and calcification of the atheroma. EAT expresses cardioprotective adipocytokines and anti-calcifying factors, such as adiponectin and osteoprotegerin among others, whose expression declines in the setting of a hypertrophy of the EAT and CAD. In contrast, pro-inflammatory and pro-calcifying molecules such as TNF-alpha, and osteopontin, as well as some microRNAs, are expressed in a higher amount in patients with CAD than in control subjects. Therefore, the quantification of the EAT emerges as a potential and useful determination for evaluating the CAD risk. However, the understanding of the complexity of the secretory pattern of EAT is still under investigation; the knowledge derived from future studies in this field will provide new potential pharmacological targets to prevent and treat the CAD.

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Acknowledgements

This manuscript was supported by a CONACYT grant No. 233493. María de Jesús Luna-Luna is a doctoral student from “Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México” and received fellowships from CONACYT, No. 408097 and EXP-AYTE-17345. 

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Mexico City, Mexico

    María Luna-Luna & Óscar Pérez-Méndez

  2. Biochemistry Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico

    Alejandro Zentella-Dehesa

  3. Department of Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Auntónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    Alejandro Zentella-Dehesa

  4. School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Mexico City, Mexico

    Óscar Pérez-Méndez

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  1. María Luna-Luna
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  2. Alejandro Zentella-Dehesa
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  3. Óscar Pérez-Méndez
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Correspondence to Óscar Pérez-Méndez .

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  1. Asper Clinical Research Institute, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Paramjit S. Tappia

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Sukhwinder K. Bhullar

  3. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Luna-Luna, M., Zentella-Dehesa, A., Pérez-Méndez, Ó. (2020). Epicardial Adipose Tissue in the Progression and Calcification of the Coronary Artery Disease. In: Tappia, P.S., Bhullar, S.K., Dhalla, N.S. (eds) Biochemistry of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Obesity. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 20. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47336-5_11

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