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Empirically Depicting Consociation’s Role

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Power-Sharing and Consociational Theory

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Abstract

The variables and data used to represent consociation and stability in the quantitative analysis are discussed and specified. The set of phenomena which ideally would be included through control variables is explored, and six are identified which can be incorporated into the statistical analyses. The close correspondence between this project’s variables and Lijphart’s theory of consociation is emphasized by the inclusion of five representing factors which he identifies as favorable to the success of this political system. While the dependent variable of instability is analyzed through protest and rebellion data, multiple independent variables portraying consociation are used to enable discrimination of the effects of its four components.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 4).

  2. 2.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 4).

  3. 3.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 4).

  4. 4.

    Powell (1982, pp. 19–21).

  5. 5.

    Krain (1998, pp. 139, 148).

  6. 6.

    Lijphart (1977, pp. 152–153, 159).

  7. 7.

    Lijphart (1977, pp. 50–52).

  8. 8.

    Lijphart (1989, p. 141).

  9. 9.

    Lijphart (1975, p. 219).

  10. 10.

    Lijphart (1977, pp. 2, 228–229).

  11. 11.

    Lijphart (1968, p. 35).

  12. 12.

    Lijphart (1999, p. 261).

  13. 13.

    Lijphart (1999, p. 130).

  14. 14.

    Lijphart (1999, p. 7).

  15. 15.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 4).

  16. 16.

    Lijphart (1996, p. 260).

  17. 17.

    Lijphart (1996, p. 260).

  18. 18.

    & Discussion of the relationship between democracy and the dependent variable is on the website.

  19. 19.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 108; 1999, pp. 8, 258).

  20. 20.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 4).

  21. 21.

    Lustick (1979).

  22. 22.

    Muller (1985) and Muller and Seligson (1987).

  23. 23.

    Cohen (1997, p. 618).

  24. 24.

    Horowitz (1985, pp. 5, 113, 229).

  25. 25.

    Bonneuil and Auriat (2000, p. 565).

  26. 26.

    & Nonviolent manifestations of instability are discussed in more detail on the website.

  27. 27.

    Gurr et al. (2002, pp. 152–181).

  28. 28.

    Gurr et al. (2002, pp. 152–181).

  29. 29.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 4).

  30. 30.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 4).

  31. 31.

    O’Leary (2005, p. 12).

  32. 32.

    Keefer (2002).

  33. 33.

    Gurr (1993, pp. 326–338).

  34. 34.

    Gurr (2000, pp. 321–336).

  35. 35.

    Keefer (2002, p. 9).

  36. 36.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 41).

  37. 37.

    Lijphart (1969, pp. 216–221; 1977, pp. 1, 88–89).

  38. 38.

    Lijphart , (1977, pp. 1, 88).

  39. 39.

    Lijphart (1969, pp. 220–221).

  40. 40.

    Lijphart (1996, p. 260).

  41. 41.

    Lijphart (1975, p. 186).

  42. 42.

    Lijphart (1989, p. 141).

  43. 43.

    Horowitz (1985, pp. 619–620) and Reilly (2001, pp. 185–192).

  44. 44.

    Gurr et al. (2002, pp. 88–89).

  45. 45.

    & More extensive details concerning the compilation of MV data are provided on the website.

  46. 46.

    Since population size is also a factor Lijphart believes to be favorable to successful consociation, it is analyzed through an independent variable but found to have no statistically significant effect in regressions on stability.

  47. 47.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 42).

  48. 48.

    Lijphart (1977, p. 54).

  49. 49.

    & Description of Lijphart’s classifications of conditions with reference to South Africa is on the website.

  50. 50.

    King et al. (1994, p. 185).

  51. 51.

    & More information regarding Lijphart’s discussions of Cyprus and Lebanon is provided on the website.

  52. 52.

    Lijphart (1977, pp. 154, 161; 1985, p. 92).

  53. 53.

    Le Vine (1997, p. 75).

  54. 54.

    Powell (1982) and Hibbs (1973).

  55. 55.

    Khosla (1999).

  56. 56.

    Gurr et al. (2002, p. 217).

  57. 57.

    Bogaards (1998, p. 478).

  58. 58.

    & More discussion of the compilation of data representing moderate multiparty systems is on the website.

  59. 59.

    King et al. (1994, p. 122).

  60. 60.

    The manner in which this data was developed for Fiji , Malaysia , and Sri Lanka is explained and justified on the website.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Andrea Mitchell Center for the Study of Democracy, University of Pennsylvania, Swarthmore, PA, USA

    Brighid Brooks Kelly

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Kelly, B.B. (2019). Empirically Depicting Consociation’s Role. In: Power-Sharing and Consociational Theory. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14191-2_4

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