Abstract
Anal cancer accounts for 4 % of all lower gastrointestinal tract malignancies in the United States [1]. The incidence of anal cancer appears to be on the rise, with increases in incidence rates of 2.6 % per year reported between 1992 and 2000 [2]. Over 5,000 new cases of anal cancer are diagnosed in the U.S. annually [3]. The overall 5-year survival rate is 66.5 % [4]. This varies by stage at diagnosis (82 % for local disease; 59 % for regional disease and 19 % for distant disease) [3]. The vast majority (65–85 %) of anal malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas, which include various histological subtypes such as cloacogenic, basaloid, and transitional cell cancers [2]. Cancers of the anus have been categorized as those arising in the anal canal, or intraanal, and those arising at the anal margin, or perianal region [5].
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Hernandez, J.M., Siegel, E.M., Koch, A., Shibata, D. (2013). Anal Carcinoma Surveillance Counterpoint: USA. In: Johnson, F., et al. Patient Surveillance After Cancer Treatment. Current Clinical Oncology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-969-7_38
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-969-7_38
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