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Uses and Abuses of Endocytotic and Heterophagic Pathways

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Lysosomes

Part of the book series: Cellular Organelles ((CORG))

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Abstract

Endocytosis and the degradation of endocytosed material in lysosomes are used extensively by unicellular organisms and by some “lower” multicellular forms for handling food and other necessities of life (Chapter 2). Even the ion-induced pinocytosis in amebas might represent an adaptation to fresh-water habitats, contributing to rapid uptake of inorganic ions when the protozoan stumbles upon a rich source. In “higher” multicellular animals, endocytosis and lysosomes are used for feeding in some special circumstances: intestinal cells of suckling rats, for example, contain very large lysosomes in which they digest components of milk delivered from the intestinal lumen by endocytotic vesicles or tubules. But in general, digestion of the food of vertebrates and most invertebrates takes place in specialized extracellular locales, especially in the lumen of the digestive system. Although acid hydrolases are involved in this digestion, the battery of enzymes is quite different from that typifying the lysosomes.

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    Eric Holtzman

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Holtzman, E. (1989). Uses and Abuses of Endocytotic and Heterophagic Pathways. In: Lysosomes. Cellular Organelles. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2540-4_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2540-4_4

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