Abstract
There is strong evidence for local genetic variation and demic structure in phytophagous insect populations (McCauley and Eanes 1987; McPheron et al. 1988; Gittman et al. 1989; Rank 1992; and see Chapter 9 in this volume by McCauley and Goff; Chapter 12 by Peterson and Denno; and Chapter 14 by Thomas and Singer). Research in agricultural systems indicates that a major cause of this structure is genetic variation in resistance among individual host plants in a population (Denno and McClure 1983). Genetic variation within natural plant populations is also well established (Hiebert and Hamrick 1983; Plessas and Strauss 1986; Mop-per et al. 1991; Berg and Hamrick 1995; Strauss and Karban 1994a, 1994b; Berenbaum and Zangerl, Chapter 5 this volume), but perhaps because of inherently greater spatial and temporal complexity, its relation to insect population structure is not as well understood as in managed systems (Michalakis et al. 1993).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alstad, D. N. and K. W. Corbin. 1990. Scale insect allozyme differentiation within and between host trees. Evol. Ecol. 4: 43–56.
Askew, R. R. 1961. On the biology of the inhabitants of oak galls of Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) in Britain. Trans. Soc. Brit. Entomol. 14: 237–268.
Auerbach, M. 1991. Relative impact of interactions within and between trophic levels during an insect outbreak. Ecology 72: 1599–1608.
Auerbach, M. and D. Simberloff. 1984. Responses to atypical leaf production patterns. Ecol. Entomol. 9: 361–367.
Berg, E. E. and J. L. Hamrick. 1995. Fine-scale genetic structure of a turkey oak forest. Evolution 49: 110–120.
Burdon, J. J., A. M. Jarosz, and G. C. Kirby. 1989. Patterns and patchiness in plant- pathogen interactions—causes and consequences. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 20: 119–136.
Cobb, N. S. and T. G. Whitham. 1993. Herbivore deme formation on individual trees: A test case. Oecologia 94: 496–502.
Connor, E. F., R. H. Adams-Manson, T. Carr, and M. W. Beck. 1994. The effects of host plant phenology on the demography and population dynamics of the leaf-mining moth. Cameraria hamadryadella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Ecol. Entomol. 19: 111–120.
Connor, E. E and M. W. Beck. 1993. Density-related mortality in Cameraria hamadryadella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) at epidemic and endemic densities. Oikos 66: 515–525.
Crawley, M. J. and M. Akhteruzzaman. 1988. Individual variation in the phenology of oak trees and its consequences for herbivorous insects. Funct. Ecol. 2: 409–415.
Denno, R. F. and M. S. McClure. 1983. Variable Plants and Herbivores in Natural and Managed Systems. Academic Press, New York.
Dodge, K. L. and P. W. Price. 1991. Eruptive versus noneruptive species: A comparative study of host plant use by a sawfly, Euura exiguae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) and a leaf beetle, Disonycha pluriligata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Environ. Entomol. 20: 1129–1133.
Ebert, D. and W. D. Hamilton. 1996. Sex against virulence: The coevolution of parasitic diseases. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11: 79–82.
Edmunds, G. F. and D. N. Alstad. 1978. Coevolution in insect herbivores and conifers. Science 199: 941–945.
Ehrlich, P. R. and P. H. Raven. 1964. Butterflies and plants: A study in coevolution. Evolution 18: 585–608.
Ehrlich, P. R. and P. H. Raven. 1969. Differentiation of populations. Science 165: 1228–1232.
Faeth, S. H. 1990. Aggregation of a leafminer, Cameraria sp. nov. (Davis): Consequences and causes. J. Anim. Ecol. 59: 569–586.
Faeth, S. H. 1991. Effect of oak leaf size on abundance, dispersion, and survival of the leafminer Cameraria sp. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Environ. Entomol. 20: 196–204.
Faeth, S. H., E. F. Connor, and D. Simberloff. 1981. Early leaf abscission: A neglected source of mortality for folivores. Am. Nat. 117: 409–415.
Feeny, P. 1976. Plant apparency and chemical defense. Rec. Adv. Phytochem. 10: 1–40.
Gandon, S., Y. Michalakis, and D. Ebert. 1996. Temporal variability and local adaptation. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11: 431.
Gilpin, M. E. and I. Hanski (Eds.). 1991. Metapopulation Dynamics: Empirical and Theoretical Investigations. Academic Press, London.
Gittman, S. I., T. Wilson, and L. A. Weigt. 1989. Microgeographic genetic variation in the Enchenopa binotata complex (Homoptera: Membracidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 82: 156–165.
Gould, F. 1993. The spatial scale of genetic variation in insect populations. Pp. 67–88 in K. C. Kim and B. A. McPheron (Eds.), Evolution of Insect Pests: Patterns of Variation. John Wiley, New York.
Hairston, N. G., F. E. Smith, and L. B. Slobodkin. 1960. Community structure, population control and competition. Am. Nat. 44: 421–425.
Hamrick, J. L. 1976. Variation and selection in western montane species: II. Variation within and between populations of white fir on an elevational transect. Theor. Appl. Genet. 47: 27–34.
Hanks, L. M. and R. F. Denno. 1993. The role of demic adaptation in colonization and spread of scale insect populations. Pp. 393–411 in K. C. Kim and B. A. McPheron (Eds.), Evolution of Insect Pests. Patterns of Variation. John Wiley, New York.
Hanks, L. M. and R. F. Denno. 1994. Evidence for local adaptation in the armored scale in- sect Pseudaulacaspis pentagon (Homoptera: Diaspididae). Ecology 75: 2301–2310.
Hastings, A. and S. Harrison. 1994. Metapopulation dynamics and genetics. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 25: 167–188.
Hedrick, P. W., M. E. Ginevan, and E. P. Ewing. 1976. Genetic polymorphism in heterogeneous environments. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 7: 1–32.
Hiebert, R. D. and J. L. Hamrick. 1983. Patterns and levels of genetic variation in Great Basin bristlecone pine, Pinus longaeva. Evolution 37: 302–310.
Holliday, N. J. 1977. Population ecology of the winter moth (Operophtera brumata) on apple in relation to larval dispersal and time of budburst. J. Appl. Ecol. 14: 803–814.
Hunter, M. D. 1990. Differential susceptibility to variable plant phenology and its role in competition between two insect herbivores on oak. Ecol. Entomol. 15: 401–408.
Hunter, M. D. 1992a. Interactions with herbivore communities mediated by the host plant: The keystone herbivore concept. Pp. 287–325 in M. D. Hunter, T. Ogushi, and P. W. Price (Eds.), Effects of Resource Distribution on Animal-Plant Interactions. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Hunter, M. D. 1992b. A variable insect-plant interaction: The relationship between tree budburst phenology and population levels of insect herbivores among trees. Ecolog. Entomol. 16: 91–95.
Hunter, M. D. and P. W. Price. 1992. Playing chutes and ladders: Heterogeneity and the relative roles of bottom-up and top-down forces in natural communities. Ecology 73: 724–732.
Karban, R. 1989. Fine-scale adaptation of herbivorous thrips to individual host plants. Nature 340: 60–61.
Kimura, M. and T. Maruyama. 1971. Patterns of neutral variation in a geographically structured population. Genet. Res. 18: 125–131.
Komatsu, T. and S. Akimoto. 1995. Genetic differentiation as a result of adaptation to the phenologies of individual host trees in the galling aphid Kaltenbachiella japonica. Ecolog. Entomol. 20: 33–42.
Lawton, J. H. and S. McNeil. 1979. Between the devil and the deep blue sea: On the problem of being a herbivore. Symp. Brit. Ecol. Soc. 20: 223–244.
Levins, R. 1970. Extinction. Lect. Math. Life Sci. 2: 75–107.
McCauley, D. E. 1991. The effect of host plant patch size variation on the population structure of a specialist herbivore insect, Tetraopes tetraopthalmus (Forster). Evolution 45: 1675–1684.
McCauley, D. E. and W. F. Eanes. 1987. Hierarchical population structure analysis of the milkweed beetle, Tetraopes tetraophthalmus (Forster). Heredity 58: 193–201.
McPheron, B. A., D. Courtney Smith, and S. H. Berlocher. 1988. Genetic differences between host races of Rhagoletis pomonella. Nature 336: 64–66.
Michalakis, Y, A. W. Sheppard, V. Noel, and I. Olivieri. 1993. Population structure of a her- bivorous insect and its host plant on a microgeographic scale. Evolution 47: 1611–1616.
Mopper, S. 1996a. Adaptive genetic structure in phytophagous insect populations. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11: 235–238.
Mopper, S. 1996b. Temporal variability and local adaptation-a reply to Gandon et al. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11: 431–432.
Mopper, S., M. Beck, D. Simberloff, and P. Stiling. 1995. Local adaptation and agents of mortality in a mobile insect. Evolution 49: 810–815.
Mopper, S., S. H. Faeth, W. J. Boecklen, and D. S. Simberloff. 1984. Host-specific variation in leafminer population dynamics: Effects on density, natural enemies and behaviour of Stilbosis quadricustatella (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae). Ecolog. Entomol. 9: 169–177.
Mopper, S., J. B. Mitton, T. G. Whitham, N. S. Cobb, and K. M. Christensen. 1991. Genetic differentiation and heterozygosity in pinyon pine associated with herbivory and environmental stress. Evolution 45: 989–999.
Mopper, S. and D. Simberloff. 1995. Differential herbivory in an oak population: The role of plant phenology and insect performance. Ecology 76: 1233–1241.
Mopper, S. and T. G. Whitham. 1992. The plant stress paradox: Effects on pinyon sawfly fecundity and sex ratios. Ecology 73: 515–525.
Olivieri, I., Y. Michalakis, and P. Gouyon. 1995. Metapopulation genetics and the evolution of dispersal. Am. Nat. 146: 202–228.
Price, P. W., C. E. Bouton, R. Gross, B. A. McPheron, J. N. Thompson, and A. E. Weiss. 1980. Interactions among three trophic levels: Influence of plants on interactions between herbivores and natural enemies. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 11: 41–65.
Plessas, M. E. and S. H. Strauss. 1986. Allozyme differentiation among populations, stands, and cohorts in Monterey pine. Can. J. For. Res. 16: 1155–1164.
Rank, N. E. 1992. A hierarchical analysis of genetic differentiation in a montane leaf beetle Chrysomela aeneicollis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Evolution 46: 1097–1111.
Rhoades, D. F. and R. G. Cates. 1976. Toward a general theory of plant antiherbivore defense. Rec. Adv. Phytochem. 10: 168–213.
Simberloff, D. S. and P. Stiling. 1987. Larval dispersion and survivorship in a leaf-mining moth. Ecology 68: 1647–1657.
Slatkin, M. 1977. Gene flow and genetic drift in a species subject to local extinction. Theor. Pop. Biol. 12: 253–62.
Slatkin, M. 1987. Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations. Science 236: 787–792.
Stiling, P., D. S. Simberloff, and B. V. Brodbeck. 1991. Variation in rates of leaf abscission between plants may affect the distribution patterns of sessile insects. Oecologia 88: 367–370.
Strauss, S. Y. 1997. Lack of evidence for local adaptation to individual plant clones or site by a mobile specialist herbivore. Oecologia 110: 77–85.
Strauss, S.Y. and R. Karban. 1994a. The significance of outcrossing in an intimate plant/herbivore relationship: I. Does outcrossing provide an escape for progeny from herbivores adapted to the parental plant? Evolution 48: 454–464.
Strauss, S. Y. and R. Karban. 19946. The significance of outcrossing in an intimate plant-herbivore relationship: II. Does outcrossing pose a problem for thrips adapted to the host-plant clone? Evolution 48: 465–476.
Teale, S. A., J. B. Hager, and F. X. Webster. 1994. Pheromone-based assortative mating in a bark beetle. Anim. Behay. 48: 569–578.
Thompson, J. N. 1978. Within-patch structure and dynamics in Pastinaca sativa and resource availability to a specialized herbivore. Ecology 59: 443–448.
Thompson, J. N. 1988. Evolutionary ecology of the relationship between oviposition preference and performance of offspring in phytophagous insects. Entomol. Exp. Appl 47: 3–14.
Thompson, J. N. and O. Pellmyr. 1991. Evolution of oviposition behavior and host preference in Lepidoptera. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 36: 65–89.
Thompson, J. N. and P. W. Price. 1977. Plant plasticity, phenology, and herbivore dispersion: Wild parsnip and the parsnip webworm. Ecology 58: 1112–1119.
Thomas, C. D., M. C. Singer, and D. A. Boughton. 1996. Catastrophic extinction of population sources in a “source-pseudosink” butterfly metapopulation. Am. Nat., 148: 957–975.
Unruh, T. R. and R. F. Luck. 1987. Deme formation in scale insects: A test with the pinyon needle scale and a review of other evidence. Ecol. Entomol. 12: 439–449.
Van Dongen, S., T. Backeljau, E. Matthysen, and A. Dhondt. 1997. Synchronization of hatching date with budburst of individual host trees (Quercus robur) in the winter moth (Operophtera brumata) and its fitness consequences. J. Anim. Ecol. 66: 113–121.
Varley, G. C. and G. R. Gradwell. 1968. Population models for the winter moth. Pp. 132–142 in T. R. E. Southwood (Ed.), Insect Abundance. Symposium Royal Society London, London, England.
Waring, G. L. and N. S. Cobb. 1992. The impact of plant quality on herbivore population dynamics: The case of plant stress. Pp 167–227 in E. A. Bemays (Ed.), Insect—plant Interactions. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mopper, S. (1998). Local Adaptation and Stochastic Events in an Oak Leaf-Miner Population. In: Mopper, S., Strauss, S.Y. (eds) Genetic Structure and Local Adaptation in Natural Insect Populations. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0902-5_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0902-5_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0904-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0902-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive