Abstract
Simulation — the representation of complex processes in simplified form — and gaming — activities involving competition/ cooperation and chance — appear to be promising tools for instruction, particularly for environmental education. Instructional simulation/gaming puts the learner into an active participating mode in which he must make decisions concerning a dynamic, all-at-once problem. This format is also rich in feedback, allowing constant modification of performance.
Examples of available simulation/games for environmental education are discussed. A procedure for inventing one’s own simulation/games is presented with a digest of the proceedings of the workshop, illustrating how the participants developed a prototype simulation/game right at the workshop.
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Literature Cited
McInnis, N. and D. Albrecht. (eds.) 1975. What makes education environmental? Data Courier, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.A.
Simulations/Games Cited
Community. 1972. Family Pastimes, Box 309, Boissevain, Manitoba, Canada, ROK OEO.
Eco-Cycles. 1971. Part of a multi-media kit, No Time to Waste. Continental Can Company, Office of Environmental Affairs, 633 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10017, U.S.A.
Ecopolis. Interact, Box 262, Lakeside, California 92040, U.S.A.
Mountaineering. 1973. Family Pastimes, Box 309, Boissevain, Manitoba, Canada, ROK OEO.
Planet Management Game. 1971. Houghton-Mifflin, Boston, Massachusetts 02107, U.S.A.
Political Pollution. 1972. Edu-Game, Box 1144, Sun Valley, California 91352, U.S.A.
Pollution Solutions. 1971. Part of a multi-media kit, Recycling Resources, Continental Can Company, Office of Environmental Affairs, 633 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10017, U.S.A.
Terra II: Spaceship Earth. 1972. Part of Intercom Booklet No. 71, Teaching about Spaceship Earth. Intercom, 218 E. 18th Street, New York, New York 10003, U.S.A.
Simulation/Game Design Sources
Adair, C. H., and J. T. Foster. 1972. A guide for simulation design: theoretical and practical procedures for the development of instructional simulation. Instructional Simulation Design, Inc., Box 330 Leon Station, Tallahassee, FL 32303, U.S.A.
Horne, R. E. 1977. How students can make their own simulations. In R. E. Horn (ed.) The guide to simulations/games for education and training. Third ed. Didactic Systems, Inc., Cranford, NJ, U.S.A.
McLean, H. W. and M. J. Raymond. 1976. Design your own game. Second ed. Simulation and Gaming Association, 4833 Greentree Road, Lebanon, Ohio, U.S.A.
Maidment, R., and R. H. Bronstein. 1973. Simulation games: design and implementation. Charles E. Merrill, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A.
Simulation/Game Directories
Horn, R. E. (ed.) 1977. The guide to simulations/games for education and training. Third ed. Didactic Systems, Inc., Cranford, NJ, U.S.A.
Stadsklev, R. (ed.) 1974. Handbook of simulation gaming in social education (Part 1: Textbook, Part 2: Directory). University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, U.S.A.
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© 1980 Plenum Press, New York
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Molenda, M. (1980). Simulation and Games in Environmental Education: A Workshop. In: Bakshi, T.S., Naveh, Z. (eds) Environmental Education. Environmental Science Research, vol 18. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3713-3_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-3713-3_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
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