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Neuronal-glial interactions during development and aging

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Biology of Aging and Development

Part of the book series: Faseb Monographs ((FASEBM,volume 3))

Abstract

Integration of the central nervous system is an expression of cerebral homeostasis that is essential for the internal ability of the organism to adapt to its changing environment throughout life. It is generally accepted that neurons undergo no further division after differentiation, whereas glial cells continue to proliferate throughout life. The increase in glial cells with advanced age may reflect a compensatory process of the brain to overcome neuronal loss or neuronal functional changes that may occur with age. Therefore, these neuronal-glial interactions during development and aging may play a key role in the integrative capacity of the brain. One of the mechanisms contributing to brain stability is the blood-brain barrier, which regulates the neuronal-glial microenvironment in the mature organism. Neuronal intercommunication is mediated via neurotransmitter substances and a shift may occur from excitation to inhibition and vice versa in some CNS areas with aging. Studies of some aspects of cholinergic, monoaminergic and amino acid neurotransmission show that their maturational patterns are CNS-area specific and that some neurotransmitter processes decline with advanced age. Glial cells, besides participating in the regulation of extraneuronal environment, are also proposed to be involved in neurotransmission mechanisms in the adult and aging CNS and since they are the major CNS cellular compartment that changes with age they may thus contribute significantly to the maintenance of CNS integrative ability and adaptation with age.—Vernadakis, A. Neuronal-glial interactions during development and aging. Federation Proc. 34: 89–95, 1975.

From Session IV, Aging of homeostatic control systems, of the FASEB Conference on Biology of Development and Aging, presented at the 58th Annual Meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Atlantic City, N. J., April 10, 1974.

Recipient of a Research Scientist Development Award KO2 MH-42479 from the National Institute of Mental Health.

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Abbreviations

BuChe:

butyrlcholines-terase

AChe:

acetylcholinesterase

ChA:

choline acetyltransferase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, 80220, USA

    Antonia Vernadakis

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  1. Antonia Vernadakis
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. New York University School of Medicine, USA

    G. Jeanette Thorbecke

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© 1975 Federation of American Societies

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Vernadakis, A. (1975). Neuronal-glial interactions during development and aging. In: Thorbecke, G.J. (eds) Biology of Aging and Development. Faseb Monographs, vol 3. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2631-1_20

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2631-1_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-2633-5

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