Skip to main content

Congenitally Athymic (Nude) Mice and Their Application to the Study of Immunity and Aging

  • Chapter
Immunology and Aging

Part of the book series: Comprehensive Immunology ((COMIMUN,volume 1))

  • 87 Accesses

Abstract

Numerous studies in several mammalian species, including man, mice, rats, and hamsters have established a strong relationship between the aging process and a decline in the functional capacity of the immune system (Walford, 1969). The socalled immunologic theory of aging predicts that genetic and induced defects in the immune apparatus may seriously compromise the general health of man or animals by failing to thwart infections and neoplasia on the one hand, and, on the other, by responding to self-antigens to produce destructive autoimmune disorders.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aden, D. P., Reed, N. D., and Jutila, J. W., 1972, Reconstitution of the in vitro immune response of congenitally thymusless (nude) mice, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 140:548–552.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aden, D. P., and Reed, N. D., 1973, In vitro immune response to lipopolysaccharide: Thymus-derived cells not required, Immunol. Comm. 2:335–340.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allison, A. C., Denman, A. M., and Barnes, R. D., 1971, Cooperating and controlling of thymus derived lymphocytes in relation to autoimmunity, Lancet ii:135–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allison, A. C., Monga, J. N., and Hammond, V., 1974, Increased susceptibility to virus oncogenesis of congenitally thymus deprived nude mice, Nature 252:746.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bach, J. F., Dardenne, M., and Bach, M. A., 1973, Detection of a circulating thymic hormone using T-rosette forming cells, in: Proceedings of the Seventh Leucocyte Culture Conference (F. Daguillard, ed.), pp. 271–287, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bankhurst, A. D., and Warner, N. L., 1972, Surface immunoglobulins on the thoracic duct lymphocytes of the congenitally athymic (nude) mouse, Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 50:661.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bloemmen, J., and Eyssen, H., 1973, Immunoglobulin levels of sera of genetiacally thymusless (nude) mice, Eur. J. Immunol. 3:117–118.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Burnet, F. M., 1970, Immunological Surveillance, Pergamon, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cordier, A. C., and Heremans, J. F., 1975, Nude mouse embryo: Ectodermal nature of the primordial thymic defect, Scand. J. Immunol. 4:193–196.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crewther, P., and Warner, N. L., 1972, Serum immunoglobulins and antibodies in congenitally athymic (nude) mice. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 50:625–635.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flanagan, S. P., 1966, “Nude,” a new hairless gene with pleiotropic effects in the mouse, Genet. Res. (Camb.) 8:295–301.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobsen, R. H., and Reed, N. D., 1974, The immune response of congenitally athymic (nude) mice to the intestinal nematode Nippostrongylus braciliensis, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 147:667–670.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jutila, J. W., 1973, Etiology of the wasting diseases, in: Bacterial Lipopoly saccharides (E. Kass and S. Wolff, eds.), pp. 91–95, University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jutila, J. W., Reed, N. D., and Isaac, D., 1975, Studies on the immune response of congenitally athymic (nude) mice, in: Immunodeficiency in Man and Animals, Birth defects: original article series, Vol XI, pp. 522–527, Sinauer Assoc. Inc., Sunderland, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly, M. G., Smith, N. H., Wodinsky, I., and Rall, D. P., 1957, Strain differences in local hemorrhagic response (Shwartzman-like reaction) of mice to a single intradermal injection of bacterial polysaccharides, J. Exp. Med. 105:653–663.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kindred, B., 1971a, Immunological unresponsiveness of genetically thymusless (nude) mice, Eur. J. Immunol. 1:59–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kindred, B., 1971b, Antibody response in genetically thymusless nude mice injected with normal thymus cells, J. Immunol. 107:1291–1295.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kouttab, N., and Jutila, J. W., 1973, The role of the thymus in the leukemic process, Mont. Acad. Sci. 33:56–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lake, J., and Reed, N. D., 1975, Immunological responsiveness of congenitally athymic mice to polyvinylpyrrolidone, Bact. Proc. (abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowenberg, B., Nieuwerkerk, H. T. M., and Kekkum, D. W., 1972, Effect of thymus extracts on in vitro graft-versus-host activity of nude mouse spleen cells, TNO-REP 72, p. 105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manning, J. K., Reed, N. D., and Jutila, J. W., 1972, Antibody response to Escherichia coli lipopolysac-charide and Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide by congenitally thymusless (nude) mice, J. Immunol. 108:1470–1473.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manning, D. D., and Jutila, J. W., 1972, Immunosuppression of mice injected with heterologous antiimmunoglobulin heavy chain antisera, J. Exp. Med. 135:1316–1333.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manning, D. D., Reed, N. D., and Schafffer, C., 1973, Maintenance of skin xenografts of widely divergent phylogenetic origin on congenitally athymic (nude) mice, J. Exp. Med. 138:488–494.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manning, D. D., and Jutila, J. W., 1974, Immunosuppression of congenitally athymic (nude) mice with heterologous anti-immunoglobulin heavy-chain antisera, Cell. Immunol. 14:453–459.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Michael, J. G., and Bernstein, T. L., 1973, Thymus dependence of reaginic antibody formation in mice, J. Immunol. 111:1600–1601.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, J. F. A. P., 1961, Immunological function of the thymus, Lancet 2:748:749.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morse, H. C., Steinberg, A. D., Schur, P. H., and Reed, N. D., 1974, Spontaneous “autoimmune disease” in nude mice, J. Immunol. 113:688–697.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Outzen, H. C., Custer, R. P., Eaton, G. J., and Prehn, R. T., 1975, Spontaneous and induced Tumor incidence in germfree “nude” mice, J. Reticulo Soc. 17:1–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pantelouris, E. M., 1968, Absence of thymus in a mouse mutant, Nature 217:370–371.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pantelouris, E. M., and Hair, J., 1970, Thymus dysgenesis in nude (nu/nu) mice, J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. 24:615–621.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pantelouris, E. M., 1971, Observation on the immunobiology of “nude” mice Immunology 20:247–252.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parrott, D. M. V., 1962, Strain variation in mortality and runt disease in mice thymectomized at birth, Transpl. Bull. 29:102–104.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Penn, I., Halgrimson, C. G., and Starzl, T. E., 1971, De novo malignant tumors in organ transplant recipients, Transplant Proc. 3:773.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pierpaoli, W., and Sorkin, E., 1972, Alterations of adrenal cortex and thyroid in mice with congenital absence of the thymus, Nature New Biol. 238:282–285.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prehn, R. T., 1972, The immune reaction as a stimulator of tumor growth. Science 176:170–171.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard, H., and Micklem, H. S., 1972, Immune responses in congenitally thymusless mice I. Absence of response to oxazolone, Clin. Exp. Immunol. 10:151.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard, H., Riddaway, J., and Micklem, H. S., 1973, Immune responses in congenitally thymusless mice II-Quantitative studies of serum immunoglobulins, the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes and the effect of thymus allografting, Clin. Exp. Immunol. 13:125–138.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raff, M. C., and Wortis, H., 1970, Thymus dependence of O-bearing cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues of mice, Immunology 18:931–942.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reed, N. D., and Jutila, J. W., 1972, Immune response of congenitally thymusless mice to heterologous erythrocytes, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 139:1234–1237.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reed, N. D., Manning, J. K., Baker, P. J., and Ulrich, J. T., 1974, Analysis of thymus-independent immune responses using nude mice, in: Proc. First International Workshop on Nude Mice (J. Rygaard and C. Poulsen, eds.), Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rygaard, J., 1969, Immunobiology of the mouse mutant “nude.” Preliminary investigations, Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 77:761–762.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rygaard, J., 1973, Thymus and Self, F.A.D.L., Copenhagen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rygaard, J., and Poulsen, C.O., 1969, Heterotransplantation of a human malignant tumor to “nude” mice, Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 77:758–759.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salvin, S., Peterson, R. B., and Good, R. A., 1965, The role of the thymus in resistance to infection and endotoxin toxicity, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 65:1004–1022.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stutman, O., 1974, Tumor development after 3-methylcholanthrene in immunologically deficient athymic-nude mice, Science 183:534–536.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stutman, O., 1975, Tumor development after polyoma infection in athymic nude mice, J. Immunol. 114:1213–1217.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, H., 1972, The correlation between the proliferative and the cytotoxic responses of mouse lymphocytes to allogeneic cells in vitro, J. Immunol. 109:630–637.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walford, R. L., 1969, The Immunologic Theory of Aging, Munksgaard, Copenhagen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walford, R. L., 1974, Immunologic theory of aging: Current status, Fed. Proc. 33:2020–2027.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wortis, H., 1971, Immunological responses of “nude” mice, Clin. Exp. Immunol. 8:305–317.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wortis, H., 1974, Immunological studies of nude mice, Contemporary Topics in Immunobiology, Vol. 3, pp. 243–263, Plenum, New York.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wortis, H. H., 1975, Pleiotropic effects of the nude mutation, in: Immunodeficiency in Man and Animals, Birth defect: original article series, Vol. XI, pp. 528–530, Sinauer Assoc, Inc., Sunderland, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yunis, E. J., Fernandes, G., Teague, P. E., and Good, R. A., 1971, in: Tolerance, Immunity, and Molecular Aging (S. Sigel and R. Good, eds.), Charles Thomas, Springfield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yunis, E. J., Fernandes, G., and Greenberg, L. J., 1975, Immune deficiency, autoimmunity and aging, in: Immunodeficiency in Man and Animals, Birth defects: original article series, Vol. XI, pp. 185–192, Sinauer Assoc., Inc., Sunderland, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1977 Plenum Publishing Corporation

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jutila, J.W. (1977). Congenitally Athymic (Nude) Mice and Their Application to the Study of Immunity and Aging. In: Makinodan, T., Yunis, E. (eds) Immunology and Aging. Comprehensive Immunology, vol 1. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2541-3_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2541-3_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-2543-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-2541-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics