Abstract
Comparative research on legislative behaviour in the United States has focused on the characteristics of states that are useful in predicting their behavior. These characteristics range from socio-economic conditions (Crittenden, 1967; Hofferbert, 1966) to political organizations (Jacob and Vines, 1965; Sullivan, 1973) while the state behavior being analyzed has ranged from welfare expenditures (Dawson and Robinson, 1963; Dye, 1966) to policy outputs (Crew, 1970; Hofferbert, 1966). This paper presents a continuation of that tradition. In this case the behavior we are analyzing represents the state adoption of new policies to protect its environment. From the perspective of the adopting state, the policy is an innovation, not meaning that the state originated it but that the policy is new for that state.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aaker, D.A. and G.S. Day, 1970, “A Guide to Consumerism,” Journal of Marketing, 34: 12–19.
Bailey, N.T.J., 1957, Mathematical Theory of Epidemics. New York: Hafner Publishing Co.
Barnett, H.G., 1953, Innovation: The Basis of Cultural Change. New York: McGraw Hill.
Betty, S.A. and E.M. Rogers, 1973. “The Diffusion of Innovations and Change in Health Systems,” in Quality Assurance of Medical Care, Monograph, Regional Medical Program Services, U.S. Dept. of HEW, pp. 403–424.
Bird, R.B., W.E. Stewart and E.N. Lightfoot, 1960. Transport Phenomena. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Bowers, R.V., 1937. “The Direction of Intra-Social Diffusion”, American Sociological Review. Vol. II, pp. 826–36.
Brown, L.A. 1968 Diffusion Dynamics: A Review and Revision of the Quantitative Theory of the Spatial Diffusion of Innovation. Gleerup, Lund: Lund Studies in Geography.
Burns, Tom and G.M. Stalker, 1961. The Management of Innovation. London: Tavistock Publishcations.
Carlson, R.O. 1968. “Summary and Critique of Educational Diffusion Research,” Paper presented at the National Conference on the Diffusion of Educ. Ideas, East Lansing, Michigan.
Coleman, J.S., E. Katz and H. Menzel, 1966. Medical Innovation: A Diffusion Study. Indianapolis: The Bobs-Merrill Company Inc.
Commoner, Barry. 1971. The Closing Circle. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Copperman, N. 1970. “Multidimensional Analysis of Similarity Judgements of Multicomponent Tones,” Journal of the American Acoustical Society, Vol. 38, pp. 95–98.
Crew, R.E., Jr. 1970, State Political System and Public Policy: An Analysis of State Commitment to the Conservation and Development of Natural Resources, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Crittenden, J. 1967. “Dimension of Modernization in the American States,” American Political Science Review, 166: 989–1001.
Dawson, R.E. and J.A. Robinson, 1963. “interparty Competition, Economic Variables, and Welfare Policies in the American States” The Journal of Politics, 25: 265–289.
Dye, T.R. 1966. Politics, Economics and Public Policy Outcomes in the American States. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Ehrlich, P.R. and John P. Holdren, 1972. Environment, XIV, p.24
Galbraith, J. 1973. Designing Complex Organizations. Reading: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
Gray, V.H. 1972. Theories of Party Leader Strategy and Public Policies in the American States, Ph.D. Dissertation, Washington.
Gray, V.H. 1973. “Innovation in the States: A Diffusion Study,” American Political Science Review, 67: 1174–1185.
Gray, V.H. 1973. “Rejoinder to ‘Comment’ by J.L. Walker,” American Political Science Review, 67: 1192–1193.
Green, P.E. and Arun Maheshwari. 1969. “Common Stock Perception and Preference: An Empirical Application of Multidimensional Scaling,” Journal of Business, Vol. 1+2, pp. 439–57.
Gregson, R.A.M. 1968. “Simulating Perceived Similarities Between Taste Mixtures Having Mutually Interacting Components,” British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, Vol. 22, pp. 117–30.
Hagerstrand, T. 1965. “A Monte Carlo Approach to Diffusion,” Archives European de Sociology, Vol. 6, pp. 43–67.
Hines, L.G. 1973. Environmental Issues. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc.
Hofferbert, R.I. 1966. “The Relation Between Public Policy and Some Structural and Environmental Variables in the American States,” American Political Science Review, 60: 72–82
Hofferbert, R.I. 1968. “Socio-economic Dimensions of the American States: 1890–1960,” Midwest Journal of Political Science, 12: 401–118.
Indow, T. 1963. “Two Kinds of Multidimensional Scaling Methods as Tools for Investigating Color Space from the Macroscopic Point of View,” Acta Chromatica, 1,pp. 60–71.
Jacob, H. and K.H. Vines. 1971. Politics in the American States. Boston: Little Brown.
Johnson, S.C. 1967. “Hierarchical Clustering Schemes,” Psychometrika, 32(3): 241–254.
Katz, E., M.L. Levin and H. Hamilton. 1963. “Traditions of Research on the Diffusion of Innovation.” American Sociological Review, Vol. XXVIII, pp. 237–52.
King, C.W. 1966. “Adoption and Diffusion Research in Marketing: An Overview.” In Proceedings of the American Marketing Association. R.M. Hass, ed. Chicago: American Marketing Association.
Kahr, D. 1969. “Study of Cognitive Structure of Cigarette Brands”, Journal of Advertising Research, Vol. 9, pp. 39–46.
Kruskal, J.B. 1964. “Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling “by Optimizing Goodness of Fit to a Non-Metric Hypothesis,”” Psychometrica, Vol. 29, pp. 1–27.
Lawrence, P.R. and J.W. Lorsch. 1969. Organization and Environment. Homewood, Illinois: Richard D. Irwin, Inc.
Mahajan, V. and K. Haynes, 1975 “Modeling the Diffusion of Public Policies in the American States,” Studies in the Diffusion of Innovation, Discussion Paper No. 34, Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columnus, Ohio.
Mansfield, E. 1971. Research and Innovation in the Modern Corporation, New York: W.W. Norton and Company, Inc.
Meadows, D.H. 1972. The Limits to Growth. New York: Universe Books.
Mort, P.R. 1964. “Studies in Educational Innovation from the Institute of Administrative Research: An Overview,” In Innovation in Education. M.B. Miles, ed. New York: Columbia University.
Neidell, L.A. 1969. “The Use of Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling in Marketing Analysis,” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 33, pp. 37–43.
Peilou, E.C. 1969. An Introduction to Mathematical Ecology. New York: Wiley Interscience.
Peterson, R.A. 1973. “A Note on Optimal Adopter Category Determination,” Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. X.
Rigby, J.W. and E.H. Debow. 1967. “Multidimensional Scaling Analysis of Decision Strategies on a Threat Evaluation,” Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 51, pp. 205–10.
Robertson, T.S. 1971. Innovative Behavior and Communication. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Rogers, E.M. and F.F. Shoemaker. 1971. Communication of Innovations: A Cross-Cultural Approach. New York: The Free Press.
Rose, D.D. 1973. “National and Local Focus in State Politics: The Implications of Multi-Level Policy Analysis,” The American Political Science Review, 67: 1162–1173.
Shepard, R.N. 1966. “Metric Structures in Ordinal Data,” Journal of Mathematical Psychology, Vol. 3, pp. 287–315
Shepard, R.N., A.K. Romney and S.B. Nerlove (eds.). 1972. Multidimensional Scaling: Theory and Application in the Behavioral Sciences, Vol. I and Vol. II, New York: Seminar Press.
Shepard, R.N. 1974. “Representation of Structure in Similarity Data: Problems and Prospects,” Psychometrika, 39(4) 373–421.
Skager, R.W., C.G. Schultz and S.P. Klein, 1966. “Multidimensional Scaling of a Set of Artistic Drawings: Perceived Structure of Scale Correlates,” Multivariate Behavioral Research 1, pp. 425–36.
Spence, I. and Ogilvie, J.C. 1973. “A Table of Expected Stress Values from Random Rankings in Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling,” Multivariate Behavioral Research, Vol. 8, pp. 511–17.
Sullivan, J.L. 1973. “Political Correlates of Social, Economic, and Religious Diversity in the American States,” The Journal of Politics, 35, 1: 70–84.
Tarde, G. 1962. The Laws of Imitation. Gloucester, Mass.: Reprinted by Peter Smith.
Van Gigch, John. 1975. Applied General Systems Theory, New York: Harper and Row.
Walker, J.L. 1969. “The Diffusion of Innovation Among the American States,” American Political Science Review, 63: 880–899.
Walker, J.L. 1973. “Comment: Problems in Research on the Diffusion of Policy Innovations,” American Political Science Review, 67: 1186–1191.
Wish, M., M. Deutsch and L. Beiner, 1972. “Differences on Perceived Similarity of Nations,” in Multidimensional Scaling: Theory and Applications in the Behavioral Sciences, ed. R.N. Shephard, Al Romney and S. Herlove, New York: Academic Press.
Woodward, Joan. 1965. Industrial Organization: Theory and Practice. London: Oxford University.
Young, F.W. and W.S. Torgerson. 1967. “TORSCA, A FORTRAN IV Program for Shepherd-Kruskal Multi-dimensional Scaling Analysis,” Behavioral Science, 12: 498.
Zaltman, G., R. Duncan and J. Holbek, 1973. Innovations and Organizations. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1978 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mahajan, V., Agarwal, M. (1978). Environment and Public Policy in the United States: A Diffusion Analysis. In: Burkhardt, D.F., Ittelson, W.H. (eds) Environmental Assessment of Socioeconomic Systems. NATO Conference Series, vol 3. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2520-8_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2520-8_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-2522-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-2520-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive