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The role of fibroblast growth factors and related oncogenes in tumor growth

  • Chapter
Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Malignancies

Part of the book series: Cancer Treatment and Research ((CTAR,volume 63))

Abstract

The fibroblast growth factors (FGF) constitute a family of seven mitogenic and structurally homologous polypeptides found in a variety of cells and tissues [for reviews see 1–9]. The FGF family includes acidic FGF (aFGF), basic FGF (bFGF), int-2, hst/K-fgf, FGF-5, FGF-6, and keratinocyte growth factor (KFGF) (Table 1). A simplified nomenclature has been proposed in which the FGF family members are named FGF-1, FGF-2, FGF-3, FGF-4, FGF-5, FGF-6, and FGF-7, respectively. Structurally, the homologies between the seven FGF family members is 35–45%, with the homologies being greatest in the internal regions of these proteins. Their molecular weights range from 18 to 30kDa. They all share with aFGF and bFGF the 3 exon-2 intron structure and the conservation of two cysteine residues. An important structural difference between the FGF family members is that, unlike the others, aFGF and bFGF lack signal peptide sequences and are not secreted proteins. Members of the FGF family, in particular bFGF [10], are also characterized by their strong affinity for heparin. The affinity of bFGF for heparin is manifested in its ability to bind to cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), an activity that is required for binding to high-affinity FGF receptors [9]. A schematic representation of the FGF family members portraying domains of sequence homology and signal peptides is shown in Fig. 1.

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Authors
  1. Harold Brem
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  2. Michael Klagsbrun
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cancer Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, USA

    Christopher C. Benz

  2. Lineberger Cancer Research Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA

    Edison T. Liu

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Brem, H., Klagsbrun, M. (1993). The role of fibroblast growth factors and related oncogenes in tumor growth. In: Benz, C.C., Liu, E.T. (eds) Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes in Human Malignancies. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 63. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3088-6_10

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