Abstract
Novel and unique properties of layered two-dimensional semiconductor structures with quantum confined energy states have challenged scientists to prepare and study systems with further reduced dimensionality, specifically quantum wires and quantum dots. In these systems, the original free dispersions of the electrons in the lateral directions are also quantized due to an additional lateral confinement. One ultimate limit is a quantum dot, where, induced by a confining potential in both the x- and y-directions, artifical ‘atoms’ with a totally discrete energy spectrum, are formed.1–9 (The growth direction is labeled z in the following.) Typical confinement energies are in the few-meV regime.
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Heitmann, D. (1995). Atomic-Like Spectroscopy of Low-Dimensional Electron Systems. In: Burstein, E., Weisbuch, C. (eds) Confined Electrons and Photons. NATO ASI Series, vol 340. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1963-8_10
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