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A New Way to View Complex Mixtures

Measurement of Genotoxic Effects of Mixtures of A Polychlorinated Biphenyl, A Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon, and Arsenic

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Biomonitors and Biomarkers as Indicators of Environmental Change 2

Part of the book series: Environmental Science Research ((ESRH,volume 56))

Abstract

Sediments in almost all natural waters are contaminated with anthropogenic chemicals (International Joint Commission, 1988), and many of these compounds are biomagnified on up the food web to humans. As a result, contaminated sediments are in large part the beginning of human exposure. Some of these compounds are highly toxic and stable such as pesticides, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), furans, dioxins and toxic metals (Department of National Health and Welfare, 1992). The toxicity of many of these anthropogenic compounds tested alone is well known. But organisms in natural settings are rarely exposed to single compounds, emphasizing the need for biological systems to evaluate the overall toxicity of chemical mixtures (Butterworth, 1995). The biological effect of these pollutant mixtures has been measured in laboratory-exposure experiments and community analysis of in situ benthic macroinvertebrates (Hudson and Ciborowksi, 1995) and plants (Lovett Doust et al., 1994; Tracy et al., 1995; Sgro and Johansen, 1995), and in sentinel biomonitor studies (Rosenberg and Resh, 1993; Corkum et al., 1995). These studies indicate the enormity of the problem but they are not routinely or widely employed. Furthermore, there is no routine way to evaluate and compare the toxicity of complex mixtures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA

    Richard M. McGowen & Frank M. Butterworth

  2. Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48204, USA

    Richard M. McGowen & D. Carl Freeman

  3. Institute for River Research International, Rochester, MI, 48307, USA

    Frank M. Butterworth

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  1. Richard M. McGowen
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  2. D. Carl Freeman
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for River Research International, Rochester, Michigan, USA

    Frank M. Butterworth

  2. Donaukraft Engineering, Vienna, Austria

    Amara Gunatilaka

  3. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cuidad Universitaria, Mexico

    Maria Eugenia Gonsebatt

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McGowen, R.M., Freeman, D.C., Butterworth, F.M. (2001). A New Way to View Complex Mixtures. In: Butterworth, F.M., Gunatilaka, A., Gonsebatt, M.E. (eds) Biomonitors and Biomarkers as Indicators of Environmental Change 2. Environmental Science Research, vol 56. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1305-6_14

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