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Biosensors and Bioassays for Ecological Risk Monitoring and Assessment

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Environmental Toxicology

Abstract

This article describes the development and use of portable recognition element (RE)-based assays for environmental biosensing. It will focus on using portable optical biosensors; specifically surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors for detecting a wide variety of analytes that may pose environmental risks. Portable SPR-based biosensor systems are suitable for real-time environmental monitoring as well as for many other applications including biodefense, medical diagnostic applications, food safety, and general laboratory research.

This chapter was originally published as part of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology edited by Robert A. Meyers. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3

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Abbreviations

Analyte:

The molecule or microorganism that is the detection target in an analytical procedure.

Recognition element:

A protein or other biomolecule that can bind to an analyte with specificity and affinity.

ELISA:

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. An assay using an antibody immobilized on a solid phase, (usually microtiter plate) to capture analyte and a second antibody coupled to an amplifier to detect the specific analyte.

Lateral flow assay:

An immunoassay in which a liquid sample is added to a dry porous carrier and wicked by capillary action to a recognition element immobilized on a specific area of the support material. A colored nanoparticle is used to detect the presence of analyte.

Nanoparticle:

A particle with dimensions between 1 and 100 nm.

Hapten:

A small molecular weight molecule (usually <1,000 Da) that cannot elicit an immune response by itself and must be attached to a larger carrier molecule prior to injection into the host animal.

Paramagnetic:

Magnetism induced in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Medicine-Division of Medical Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-5065, USA

    Scott D. Soelberg & Clement E. Furlong

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  1. Scott D. Soelberg
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  2. Clement E. Furlong
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Correspondence to Scott D. Soelberg .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , School of the Coast and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, 70803, Louisiana, USA

    Edward A. Laws

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Soelberg, S.D., Furlong, C.E. (2013). Biosensors and Bioassays for Ecological Risk Monitoring and Assessment. In: Laws, E. (eds) Environmental Toxicology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5764-0_6

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