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Applications of Mass Spectrometry in Analyses of Steroid Hormones

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LC-MS in Drug Bioanalysis

Abstract

Steroid hormones are endogenous chemicals controlling many endocrinology functions. Mass spectrometry technologies have been applied for analyses of steroid hormones as biomarkers in endocrinology and pathology diagnoses, doping drugs in athletes and racing horses, residuals in food safety concerns, and environmental pollutants in water and sediments. Both liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS or LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS or GC-MS/MS) are broadly used in research, clinical, pharmaceutical industry, competition sports, food safety, and environmental testing laboratories. Sample preparation techniques, such as deconjugation and extraction, are critical procedures for isolating steroid hormone from sample matrices, including biological fluids, tissues, environmental water and sediments. Chemical derivatization modifies the physicochemical properties of steroid hormone molecules to improve their chromatographic performances and to enhance their sensitivities to mass detection. Chromatographic techniques such as HPLC, UPLC, and GC have direct impact on separation of analytes, MS interface, and analysis throughput. The method sensitivity and specificity of LC-MS and GC-MS depend largely on the analyte status, i.e., easiness of ionization, derivatization, sample matrix, and MS detection mode, e.g., ESI, APCI, APPI, MAILDI, or EI. LC-MS and GC-MS methodologies should be developed and validated following scientific and regulatory guidelines, and the steroid hormones analyses should be standardized.

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Guidelines

International Organization of Standardization, Guide:

International Organization of Standardization, Published:

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Pharmaceutical Services, Inc., 520 Virginia Drive, Fort Washington, PA, 19034, USA

    Zimeng Yan Ph.D.

  2. Analytical Development, Albany Molecular Research, Inc., 33 Riverside Avenue, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA

    Chang Cheng Ph.D.

  3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA

    Shaorong Liu Ph.D.

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  2. Chang Cheng Ph.D.
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  3. Shaorong Liu Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zimeng Yan Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer C, El Rio Street 8000, Houston, 77054, USA

    Q. Alan Xu

  2. , Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer C, El Rio Street 8000, Houston, 77054, USA

    Timothy L. Madden

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© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Yan, Z., Cheng, C., Liu, S. (2012). Applications of Mass Spectrometry in Analyses of Steroid Hormones. In: Xu, Q., Madden, T. (eds) LC-MS in Drug Bioanalysis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3828-1_10

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