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Gamma-Aminobutyric and Glutamic Acids as Mammalian Central Transmitters

  • Chapter
Metabolic Compartmentation and Neurotransmission

Abstract

Following the initial discovery of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in central nervous tissue, the recognition of its metabolic relationship to glutamate, and observations of the effects of these amino acids and analogues on single neurons, there have been innumerable reviews concerned with the possible roles of GABA and glutamate as transmitters (see Curtis and Johnston, 1974α). Many claims both for and against such functions have not been fully supported by the currently available evidence, and, largely because of investigational difficulties, there are few synapses at which evidence of all types considered essential for transmitter identification is available. Transmitter function is frequently considered as probable on the basis of information that, in itself, might not be fully acceptable to the purist. The importance of these and other amino acids as central transmitters has been substantiated, however, as improvements in technical procedures, together with a better understanding of the complexities involved in establishing the nature of a central transmitter, continue to provide additional supporting evidence to confirm suspicions and convert the doubting.

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

    David R. Curtis

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  1. David R. Curtis
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  1. Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA

    Soll Berl

  2. Fordham University, Bronx, New York, USA

    D. D. Clarke

  3. Neurosciences Research Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Diana Schneider

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Curtis, D.R. (1975). Gamma-Aminobutyric and Glutamic Acids as Mammalian Central Transmitters. In: Berl, S., Clarke, D.D., Schneider, D. (eds) Metabolic Compartmentation and Neurotransmission. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-4319-6_2

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