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Varicella—Herpes Zoster Virus

  • Chapter
Viral Infections of Humans

Abstract

Varicella-zoster virus (Herpesvirus varicellae), commonly abbreviated to “V-Z virus” or “VZV,” is the etiological agent of two diseases of man, varicella and herpes zoster. Varicella (chickenpox) is a ubiquitous, contagious, generalized exanthematous disease of seasonally epidemic propensities that follows primary exposure of a susceptible person, most often a child. Herpes zoster (shingles) is an endemic sporadic disease, most frequent in elderly people, characterized by the appearance of a unilateral, painful, vesicular eruption localized to the derma-tome innervated by a specific dorsal root or extra-medullary cranial ganglion. In contrast to varicella, which follows primary exogenous contact with the causative virus, zoster reflects endogenous activation of a VZV infection that has survived in latent form following an attack of varicella. The two clinical entities are not as distinct as is customarily assumed. The patient with zoster frequently develops a disseminated varicelliform eruption; rarely, the person with varicella may exhibit a zosteriform concentration of lesions.

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  1. Department of Tropical Public Health, Center for Prevention of Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Thomas H. Weller

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  1. WHO Serum Reference Bank, Section of International Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

    Alfred S. Evans

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Weller, T.H. (1982). Varicella—Herpes Zoster Virus. In: Evans, A.S. (eds) Viral Infections of Humans. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3237-4_23

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