Abstract
The contemporary morass of facts and theories has resulted in a state of intellectual paralysis in the discipline of psychology. In short, we need a pragmatic basis for dealing with theoretical pluralism. Because extant theories are refuted by better theories rather than by direct refutation I end up with the paradoxical conclusion that the best way to deal with theoretical pluralism is to produce more theory—but with the qualification that the new theory be more theoretically powerful than its predecessors and/or its competitors. The paper concludes with an elaboration of the role of dialectic analysis in the evaluation of complementary and competitive theories.
The primary purpose of this paper is the modest one of bringing the problem of theoretical pluralism to the attention of fellow psychologists in the hope that this will lead to further metatheoretic anaylsis. The issues this problem entails are complex, and their eventual resolution will require extended and penetrating critical analysis.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Reference
Andersson, G . (1979). Presuppositions, problems, progress. In G. Radnitzky & G. Andersson (Eds.), The structure and development of science (pp. 3–15). Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel.
Brunswik, E. (1939). The conceptual focus of some psychological systems. Journal of Unified Science, 8 , 38–49.
Brunswik, E. (1952). The conceptual framework of psychology. International encyclopedia of unified science (vol. 1, 10). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Brunswik, E. (1956). Historical and thematic relations of psychology to other sciences. Scientific Monthly, 83, 151–161.
Bunge, M. (1967). Scientific research (vols. 1 & 2). New York: Springer-Verlag.
Campbell, D. T. (1960). Blind variation and selective retention in creative thought as in other knowledge processes. Psychological Review, 67, 380–400.
Conant, J. B., & Nash, L. K. (Eds.). (1957). Harvard case histories in experimental science (Vol. 1). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Diamond, S., & Royce, J. R. (1979). Cognitive abilities as expressions of three “ways of knowing”. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 15, 31–56.
Feyerabend, P. (1970). Against method. In M. Radner & S. Winokur (Eds.), Analyses of theories and methods of physics and psychology (pp. 17–130). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Gregory, R. (1974). Concepts and mechanisms of perception. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Guilford, J. P. (1981). Higher-order structure-of-intellect abilities. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 16, 411–435.
Kearsley, G. P., & Royce, J. R. (1977). Multifactor theory of sensations: Individuality in sensory structure and sensory processing. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 44, 1299–1316.
Koch, S. (1974). Psychology as science. In S. C. Brown (Ed.), Philosophy of psychology (pp. 3–40). London: Macmillan.
Kuhn, T. S. (1970). The structure of scientific revolutions (rev. ed). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lakatos, I. (1968). Criticism and the problem of scientific research programs. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 69, 149–168.
Lakatos, I. (1970). Falsification and the methodology of scientific research programs. In I. Lakatos & A. Musgrave (Eds.), Criticism and the growth of knowledge (pp. 91–195). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Laudan, L. (1977). Progress and its problems. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Madsen, K. B. (1974). Modern theories of motivation: A comparative metascientific study. New York: Halsted Press.
Naess, A. (1972). The pluralist and possibilist aspect of the scientific enterprise. London: Allen & Unwin.
Popper, K. R. (1963). Conjectures and refutations. New York: Harper.
Popper, K. R. (1974). Replies to my critics. In P. A. Schilpp (Ed.), The philosophy of Karl Popper (pp. 961–1197 ). La Salle, IL: Open Court.
Powell, A., & Royce, J. R. (1981a). An overview of a multifactor-system theory of personality and individual differences: I. The factor and system models and the hierarchical factor structure of individuality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 818–829.
Powell, A., & Royce, J. R. (1981b). An overview of a multifactor-system theory of personality and individual differences: III. Life-span development and the heredity- environment issue. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 1161–1173.
Powell, A., & Royce, J. R. (1982). Cognitive information processing: The role of individual differences in the search for invariants. Bulletin of Academic Psychology, 4, 255–287.
Radnitzky, G. (1970). Contemporary schools of metascience. Göteborg: Akademieforlaget.
Radnitzky, G. (1980). Progress and rationality in research. In M. D. Grmek, R. S. Cohen, & G. Cimino (Eds.), On scientific discovery. Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel.
Rosenzweig, S. (1937). Schools of psychology: A complementary pattern. Philosophy of Science, 4, 96–106.
Royce, J. R. (1970). The present situation in theoretical psychology. In J. R. Royce, (Ed.), Toward unification in psychology (pp. 10–52 ). Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Royce, J. R. (1977). Toward an indigenous philosophy of psychology. The Ontario Psychologist, 9, 16–32.
Royce, J. R. (1978). How we can best advance the construction of theory in psychology. Canadian Psychological Review, 19, 259–276.
Royce, J. R. (1983). Personality integration: A synthesis of the parts and wholes of individuality theory. Journal of Personality, 51, 683–706.
Royce, J. R., & Diamond, S. R. (1980). A multifactor-system dynamics theory of emotion: Cognitive-affective interaction. Motivation and Emotion, 4, 263–298.
Royce, J. R., & McDermott, J. (1977). A multifactor theory of affect: A system dynamics model. Motivation and Emotion, 1, 192–224.
Royce, J. R., & Powell, A. (1981). An overview of a multifactor-system of personality and individual differences: II. System dynamics and person-situation interactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41, 1019–1030.
Royce, J. R., & Powell, A. (1983). A theory of personality: Factors, systems, and processes. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
Schilpp, P. A. (Ed.). (1974). The philosophy of Karl Popper. La Salle, III.: Open Court.
Stegmüller, W. (1979). A combined approach to the dynamics of theories. How to improve historical interpretations of theory change by applying set theoretical structures. In G. Radnitzky & G. Andersson (Eds.), The structure and development of science (pp. 151–186 ). Dordrecht, Holland: Reidel.
Tennessen, H. (1970). Science of history and notions of personality. In W. Yourgrau & A. D. Breck (Eds.), Physics, logic, and history (p. 59–77 ). New York: Plenum Press.
Weimer, W. B. (1979). Notes on the methodology of scientific research. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Wisdom, J. O. (1974). The nature of normal science. In P. A. Schilpp (Ed.), The philosophy of Karl Popper (pp. 820–842 ). La Salle, IL: Open Court.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Royce, J.R. (1985). The Problem of Theoretical Pluralism in Psychology. In: Madsen, K.B., Mos, L.P. (eds) Annals of Theoretical Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2487-4_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2487-4_20
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9507-5
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2487-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive