Abstract
Although the striatum is a key structure in the extrapyramidal system, the function of the striatum still remains to be understood. The striatum consists of two distinctly separate structures, i.e., the caudate (Cd) and the putamen (Put). The Cd and Put hold the same place in the basal ganglia; efferent fibers of both Cd and Put supply inhibitory synapses to neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) (Yoshida and Precht, 1971; Yoshida et al., 1971; Yoshida et al., 1972; Yoshida et al., 1981) and this inhibition is mediated by y-amino butyric acid (GABA) (Precht and Yoshida, 1971; Yoshida, 1981). From clinical observations, however, different roles of Cd and Put would be expected. In Huntington’s disease, which is characterized by degenerative cell loss in the Cd (Lange et al., 1976), choreiform involuntary movements of muscle groups including those of face, fingers, hands, and trunk are prominent, whereas in striatonigral degeneration, which is characterized by cell loss in the Put (Adams et al., 1964), symptoms resemble those of Parkinson’s disease with rigidity and akinesia.
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© 1994 Plenum Press, New York
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Fujimoto, Ki., Yamada, H., Nakamura, E., Nakamura, S., Muramatsu, S., Yoshida, M. (1994). Potential Changes within the Basal Ganglia during Putamen–Induced Dystonia and Caudate-Induced Locomotor Hyperactivity in the Freely Moving Cat. In: Percheron, G., McKenzie, J.S., Féger, J. (eds) The Basal Ganglia IV. Advances in Behavioral Biology, vol 41. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0485-2_34
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0485-2_34
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