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Hepatic tissue engineering: applications in disease treatment and liver support

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Frontiers in Biomedical Engineering

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Abstract

The technology of hepatic tissue engineering aims to replace or restore the function of damaged liver-tissue. As the field continues to develop, it is instructive to examine its vastly different areas of application to derive their common scientific and engineering principles. Tissue engineering products may be used for implantation or for extracorporeal use. Some are for short-term support; others are for long-term replacement or augmentation of the role of the liver. Common to all these applications is the use of isolated cells and the need for their differentiated properties. Although autologous cells will be used in some cases, most products will utilize heterologous or even xenogeneic cells.The isolation of those cells, except when continually passaged cells are employed, is a major challenge in tissue engineering. Although bioseparation is practiced on a very large scale for pharmaceutical production, few engineering studies have been performed on the isolation and purification of cells with specific biological characteristics. In many applications, cell expansion and/or functional induction will be necessary prior to the application. Major challenges still exist in those areas. Many tissue-engineering products require cultivation of cells in bioreactors. In those cases, issues related to bioreactor designincluding scalability, mass transfer and reaction kinetics-all need to be examined.Finally, the integration of all these aspects into a robust manufacturing technology poses a major roadblock to the implementation of tissue engineering products.

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  1. Departments of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

    Wei-Shou Hu Ph.D.

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  1. Susan Fugett Abu-Absi
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  2. R.A. Narayanan
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  1. Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan

    Ned H. C. Hwang

  2. Musculoskeletal Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

    Savio L.-Y. Woo

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Abu-Absi, S.F., Narayanan, R., Hu, WS. (2003). Hepatic tissue engineering: applications in disease treatment and liver support. In: Hwang, N.H.C., Woo, S.LY. (eds) Frontiers in Biomedical Engineering. Topics in Biomedical Engineering International Book Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8967-3_27

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