Skip to main content

Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) on Liver Tumor Ablation: A Summary of Preclinical Translational Research

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Clinical Aspects of Electroporation

Abstract

In the recent years the topic of irreversible electroporation has created an excitement in the ablation community due to its advantageous characteristics. In this chapter, we will explore these advantages such as complete cell death, demarcated ablation zones, quick procedure time, feasibility with real time imaging, and the lack of the “heat sink” effect that is affecting currently used ablation techniques such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Additionally, we will explore in depth the mechanism of IRE, preliminary research and our in vivo studies in a swine liver, and rabbit VX2 tumor model.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Neumann E, Schaefer-Ridder M, Wang Y, Hofschneider PH. Gene transfer into mouse lyoma cells by electroporation in high electric fields. EMBO J. 1982;1:841–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Chang DC, Reese TS. Changes in membrane structure induced by electroporation as revealed by rapid-freezing electron microscopy. Biophys J. 1990;58:1–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Orlowski S, Mir LM. Cell electropermeabilization: a new tool for biochemical and pharmacological studies. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993;1154:51–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Rubinsky B. Irreversible electroporation in medicine. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2007;6:255–60.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Al-Sakere B, Andre F, Bernat C, Connault E, Opolon P, Davalos RV, et al. Tumor ablation with irreversible electroporation. PLoS One. 2007;2:e1135.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Guo Y, Zhang Y, Klein R, Nijm GM, Sahakian AV, Omary RA, et al. Irreversible electroporation therapy in the liver: longitudinal efficacy studies in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res. 2010;70:1555–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Lee EW, Chen C, Prieto VE, Dry SM, Loh CT, Kee ST. Advanced hepatic ablation technique for creating complete cell death: irreversible electroporation. Radiology. 2010;255:426–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Oshima T, Sato M. Bacterial sterilization and intracellular protein release by a pulsed electric field. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2004;90:113–33.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Edd JF, Davalos RV. Mathematical modeling of irreversible electroporation for treatment planning. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2007;6:275–86.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Daniels C, Rubinsky B. Electrical field and temperature model of nonthermal irreversible electroporation in heterogeneous tissues. J Biomech Eng. 2009;131:071006.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Neal II RE, Davalos RV. The feasibility of irreversible electroporation for the treatment of breast cancer and other heterogeneous systems. Ann Biomed Eng. 2009;37:2615–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Neal II RE, Singh R, Hatcher HC, Kock ND, Torti SV, Davalos RV. Treatment of breast cancer through the application of irreversible electroporation using a novel minimally invasive single needle electrode. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2010;123:295–301.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Davalos RV, Mir IL, Rubinsky B. Tissue ablation with irreversible electroporation. Ann Biomed Eng. 2005;33:223–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Edd JF, Horowitz L, Davalos RV, Mir LM, Rubinsky B. In vivo results of a new focal tissue ablation technique: irreversible electroporation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2006;53:1409–15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Ivorra A, Rubinsky B. Impedance analyzer for in vivo electroporation studies. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2006;1:5056–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ivorra A, Rubinsky B. In vivo electrical impedance measurements during and after electroporation of rat liver. Bioelectrochemistry. 2007;70:287–95.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Lee EW, Loh CT, Kee ST. Imaging guided percutaneous irreversible electroporation: ultrasound and immunohistological correlation. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2007;6:287–94.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Lu DS, Raman SS, Vodopich DJ, Wang M, Sayre J, Lassman C. Effect of vessel size on creation of hepatic radiofrequency lesions in pigs: assessment of the “heat sink” effect. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;178:47–51.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Friedman M, Mikityansky I, Kam A, Libutti SK, Walther MM, Neeman Z, et al. Radiofrequency ablation of cancer. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2004;27:427–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Gibson TB. Radiofrequency ablation for patients with colorectal cancer and unresectable liver metastasis. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2006;5:318–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Kim SK, Rhim H, Kim YS, Koh BH, Cho OK, Seo HS, Kim Y. Radiofrequency thermal ablation of hepatic tumors: pitfalls and challenges. Abdom Imaging. 2005;30:727–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Chen J, Daniel BL, Diederich CJ, Bouley DM, van den Bosch MA, Kinsey AM, et al. Monitoring prostate thermal therapy with diffusion-weighted MRI. Magn Reson Med. 2008;59:1365–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Kim CK, Park BK, Lee HM, Kim SS, Kim E. MRI techniques for prediction of local tumor progression after high-intensity focused ultrasonic ablation of prostate cancer. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190:1180–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Hong K, Khwaja A, Liapi E, Torbenson MS, Georgiades CS, Geschwind JF. New intra-arterial drug delivery system for the treatment of liver cancer: preclinical assessment in a rabbit model of liver cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12:2563–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Kim TJ, Moon WK, Cha JH, Goo JM, Lee KH, Kim KH, et al. VX2 carcinoma in rabbits after radiofrequency ablation: comparison of MR contrast agents for help in differentiating benign periablational enhancement from residual tumor. Radiology. 2005;234:423–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Chen JH, Lin YC, Huang YS, Chen TJ, Lin WY, Han KW. Induction of VX2 carcinoma in rabbit liver: comparison of two inoculation methods. Lab Anim. 2004;38:79–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Virmani S, Harris KR, Szolc-Kowalska B, Paunesku T, Woloschak GE, Lee FT, et al. Comparison of two different methods for inoculating VX2 tumors in rabbit livers and hind limbs. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2008;19:931–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Rubinsky B, Onik G, Mikus P. Irreversible electroporation: a new ablation modality – clinical implications. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2007;6:37–48.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Kerr JF, Wyllie AH, Currie AR. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer. 1972;26:239–57.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Thompson CB. Apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease. Science. 1995;267:1456–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Susin SA, Lorenzo HK, Zamzami N, Marzo I, Snow BE, Brothers GM, et al. Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature. 1999;397:441–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Yan TD, Padang R, Morris DL. Longterm results and ­prognostic indicators after cryotherapy and hepatic arterial chemotherapy with or without resection for colorectal liver metastases in 224 patients: longterm survival can be achieved in patients with multiple bilateral liver metastases. J Am Coll Surg. 2006;202:100–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Chung MH, Ye W, Ramming KP, Bilchik AJ. Repeat hepatic cryotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. J Gastrointest Surg. 2001;5:287–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Daniele B, De Sio I, Izzo F, Capuano G, Andreana A, Mazzanti R, et al., CLIP Investigators. Hepatic resection and percutaneous ethanol injection as treatments of small hepatocellular carcinoma: a Cancer of the Liver Italian Program (CLIP 08) retrospective case-control study. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2003;36:63–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Oshowo A, Gillams A, Harrison E, Lees WR, Taylor I. Comparison of resection and radiofrequency ablation for treatment of solitary colorectal liver metastases. Br J Surg. 2003;90:1240–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Livraghi T, Solbiati L, Meloni MF, Gazelle GS, Halpern EF, Goldberg SN. Treatment of focal liver tumors with percutaneous radio-frequency ablation: complications encountered in a multicenter study. Radiology. 2003;226:441–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Livraghi T, Solbiati L, Meloni F, Ierace T, Goldberg SN, Gazelle GS. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases in potential candidates for resection: the “test-of-time approach”. Cancer. 2003;97:3027–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Satoi S, Kamiyama Y, Matsui Y, Kitade H, Kaibori M, Yamamoto H, et al. Clinical outcome of 214 liver resections using microwave tissue coagulation. Hepatogastroenterology. 2005;52:1180–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Lencioni R, Crocetti L, Cioni D, Della Pina C, Bartolozzi C. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatic colorectal metastases: technique, indications, results, and new promises. Invest Radiol. 2004;39:689–97.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stephen T. Kee .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lee, E.W., Wong, D., Kee, S.T. (2011). Irreversible Electroporation (IRE) on Liver Tumor Ablation: A Summary of Preclinical Translational Research. In: Kee, S., Gehl, J., Lee, E. (eds) Clinical Aspects of Electroporation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8363-3_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8363-3_19

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-8362-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-8363-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics