Abstract
The first attempts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that function in the bioassembly of the bound Fe/S clusters in Photosystem I (PS I) are discussed. Fe/S proteins participate in a wide variety of processes, the most important of which in photosynthetic organisms are light-mediated electron transport and stress-induced regulation of genes. One of the last steps in the biogenesis of PS I involves the assembly of the three bound [4Fe–4S] clusters FX, FA, and FB. It has been shown that the proteins encoded by the suf regulon are involved in the assembly and repair of the bound Fe/S clusters in cyanobacteria. The SUF system of Fe/S cluster assembly is localized in the chloroplasts of plants; however, no homologs of the suf genes have been identified in nonphotosynthetic eukaryotes.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abdel-Ghany SE, Ye H, Garifullina GF, Zhang L, Pilon-Smits EAH and Pilon M (2005) Iron–sulfur cluster biogenesis in chloroplasts. Involvement of the scaffold protein CpIscA. Plant Physiol 138: 161–172
Agar JN, Zheng L, Cash VL and Dean DR (2000) Role of the IscU protein in iron–sulfur cluster biosynthesis: IscS-mediated assembly of a [Fe2–S2] cluster in IscU. J Am Chem Soc 122: 2136–2137
Antonkine ML, Bentrop D, Bertini I, Luchinat C, Shen G, Bryant DA, Stehlik D and Golbeck JH (2000) Paramagnetic H1 NMR spectroscopy of the reduced, unbound Photosystem I subunit PsaC: sequence specific assignment of contact-shifted resonances and identification of mixed- and equal-valence Fe–Fe pairs in [4Fe–4S] centers F- A and F- B. J Biol Inorg Chem 5: 381–392
Antonkine ML, Liu G, Bentrop D, Bryant DA, Bertini I, Luchinat C, Golbeck JH and Stehlik D (2002) Solution structure of the bound, oxidized photosystem I subunit PsaC, containing [4Fe–4S] clusters FA and FB: a conformational change occurs upon binding to Photosystem I. J Biol Inorg Chem 7: 461–472
Balasubramanian R, Shen G, Bryant DA and Golbeck, JH (2006) Regulatory roles for IscA and SufA in iron homeostasis and redox stress responses in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002. J Bacteriol 188: 3182–3191
Behshad E, Parkin SE and Bollinger JM (2004) Mechanism of cysteine desulfurase Slr0387 from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803: kinetic analysis of cleavage of the persulfide intermediate by chemical reductants. Biochemistry 43: 12220–12226
Beinert H and Kiley PJ (1999) Fe/S proteins in sensing and regulatory functions. Curr Opin Chem Biol 3: 152–157
Beinert H, Kennedy CD and Stout CD (1996) Aconitase as iron–sulfur protein, enzyme and iron-regulatory protein. Chem Rev 96: 2335–2373
Beinert H, Holm RH and Münck E (1997) Iron–sulfur clusters: nature’s modular, multipurpose structures. Science 277: 653–659
Bilder PW, Ding H and Newcomer ME (2004) Crystal structure of the ancient, Fe-S scaffold IscA reveals a novel protein fold. Biochemistry 43: 133–139
Brettel K and Leibl W (2001) Electron transfer in photosystem I. Biochim Biophys Acta 1507: 100–114
Choudens SO, Nachin L, Sanakis Y, Loiseau L, Barras F and Fontecave M (2003) SufA from Erwinia chrysanthemi. Characterization of a scaffold protein required for iron–sulfur cluster assembly. J Biol Chem 278: 17993–18001
Clausen T, Kaiser JT, Steegborn C, Huber R and Kessier D (2000) Crystal structure of the cystine C-S lyase from Synechocystis: stabilization of cysteine persulfide for FeS cluster biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 3856–3861
Cupp-Vickery JR, Urbina H and Vickery LE (2003) Crystal structure of IscS, a cysteine desulfurase from Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol 330: 1049–1059
Cupp-Vickery JR, Silberg J, Ta DT and Vickery LE (2004a) Crystal structure of IscA, an iron–sulfur cluster assembly protein from Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol 338: 127–137
Cupp-Vickery JR, Peterson JC, Ta DT and Vickery LE (2004b) Crystal structure of the molecular chaperone HscA substrate binding domain complexed with the IscU recognition peptide ELPPVKIHC. J Mol Biol 342: 1265–1278
Dean DR, Bolin JT and Zheng L (1993) Nitrogenase metalloclusters: structures, organization, and synthesis. J Bacteriol 175: 6737–6744
Douglas SE and Penny SL (1999) The plastid genome of the cryptophyte alga, Guillardia theta: complete sequence and conserved synteny groups confirm its common ancestry with red algae. J Mol Evol 48: 236–244
Drapier JC (1997) Interplay between NO and [Fe–S] clusters: relevance to biological systems. Methods 11: 319–329
Duff JLC, Breton JLJ, Butt JN, Armstrong FA and Thomson AJ (1996) Novel redox chemistry of the [3Fe–4S] clusters: electrochemical characterization of all-Fe(II) form of the [3Fe–4S] cluster generated reversibly in various proteins and its spectroscopic investigation in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius ferredoxin. J Am Chem Soc 118: 8593–8603
Duin EC, Lafferty ME, Crouse BR, Allen RM, Sanyal I, Flint DH and Johnson MK (1997) [2Fe–2S] to [4Fe–4S] cluster conversion in Escherichia coli biotin synthase. Biochemistry 36: 11811–11820
Emanuelsson O and von Heijne G (2001) Prediction of organellar targeting signals. Biochim Biophys Acta 1541: 114–119
Flint DH (1996) Escherichia coli contains a protein that is homologous in function and N-terminal sequence to the protein encoded by the nifS gene of Azotobacter vinelandii and that can participate in the synthesis of the Fe/S cluster of dihydroxy-acid dehydratase. J Biol Chem 271: 16068–16074
Frazzon J and Dean DR (2002) Biosynthesis of the nitrogenase iron-molybdenum-cofactor from Azotobacter vinelandii. Met Ions Biol Syst 39: 163–186
Frazzon J and Dean DR (2003) Formation of iron–sulfur clusters in bacteria: an emerging field in biological chemistry. Curr Opin Chem Biol 7: 166–173
Frazzon J, Fick JR and Dean DR (2002) Biosynthesis of iron–sulphur clusters is a complex and highly conserved process. Biochem Soc Trans 30: 680–685
Fujii T, Maeda M, Mihara H, Kurihara T, Esaki N and Hata Y (2000) Structure of a NifS homologue: X-ray structure analysis of CsdB, an Escherichia coli counterpart of mammalian selenocysteine lyase. Biochemistry 39: 1263–1273
Gaudu P and Weiss B (1996) SoxR, a [2Fe–2S] transcription factor, is active only in its oxidized form. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 10094–10098
Gerber J and Lill R (2002) Biogenesis of iron–sulfur proteins in eukaryotes: components, mechanism and pathology. Mitochondria 2: 71–86
Glockner G, Rosenthal A and Valentin K (2003) The structure and gene repertoire of an ancient red algal plastid genome. J Mol Evol 51: 382–390
Golbeck JH (1994) Photosystem I in cyanobacteria. In: Bryant DA (ed) The Molecular Biology of Cyanobacteria, pp 319–360. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht
Golbeck JH (1995) Resolution and reconstitution of Photosystem I. In: Song PS and Horspools WM (eds) CRC Handbook of Organic Photochemistry and Photobiology, pp. 1407–1419. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Golbeck JH (1999) A comparative analysis of the spin state distribution of in vivo and in vitro mutants of PsaC. A biochemical argument for the sequence of electron transfer in Photosystem I as FX → FA → FB → ferredoxin/flavodoxin. Photosynth Res 61: 107–149
Goldsmith-Fischman S, Kuzin A, Edstrom WC, Benach J, Shastry R, Xiao R, Acton TB, Honig B, Montelione GT and Hunt JF (2004) The SufE sulfur-acceptor protein contains a conserved core structure that mediates interdomain interactions in a variety of redox protein complexes. J Mol Biol 344: 549–565
Hidalgo EH, Ding G and Demple B (1997) Redox signal transduction via iron–sulfur clusters in the SoxR transcription activator. Trends Biochem Sci 22: 207–210
Hjorth E, Hadfi K, Zauner S and Maier UG (2005) Unique genetic compartmentalization of the SUF system in cryptophytes and characterization of a SufD mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana. FEBS Lett 579: 1129–1135
Hoff KG, Silberg JJ and Vickery LE (2000) Interaction of the iron–sulfur cluster assembly protein IscU with the Hsc66/Hsc20 molecular chaperone system of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 7790–7795
Jacobson MR, Cash VL, Weiss MC, Laird NF, Newton WE and Dean DR (1989) Biochemical and genetic analysis of the NifUSVWZM cluster from Azotobacter vinelandii. Mol Gen Genet 219: 49–57
Johnson MK (1998) Iron–sulfur proteins: new roles for old clusters. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2: 173–181
Johnson D, Dean DR, Smith AD and Johnson MK (2005) Structure, function and formation of biological iron–sulfur clusters. Annu Rev Biochem 74: 247–281
Jordan P, Fromme P, Witt HT, Klukas O, Saenger W and Krauβ N (2001) Three-dimensional structure of cyanobacterial photosystem I at 2.5 Å resolution. Nature 411: 909–917
Kaiser JT, Clausen T, Bourenkow GP, Bartunik HD, Steinbacher S and Huber R (2000) Crystal structure of a NifS-like protein from Thermotoga maritime: implications for iron sulfur cluster assembly. J Mol Biol 297: 451–464
Kato S, Mihara H, Kurihara T, Takahashi Y, Tokumoto U, Yoshimura T and Esaki N (2002) Cys-328 of IscS and Cys-63 of IscU are the sites of disulfite bridge formation in a covalently bound IscS/IscU complex: implications for the mechanism of iron–sulfur cluster assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 5948–5952
Kaut A, Lange H, Diekert K, Kispal G and Lill R (2000) Isa1p is a component of the mitochondrial machinery for maturation of cellular iron–sulfur proteins and requires conserved cysteine residues for function. J Biol Chem 275: 15955–15961
Khoroshilova N, Popescu C, Munck E, Beinert H, Kiley PJ (1997) Iron–sulfur cluster disassembly in the FNR protein of Escherichia coli by O2: [4Fe–4S] to [2Fe–2S] conversion with loss of biological activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 6087–6092
Kowallik KV, Stobe B, Schaffran I, Kroth-Pancic P and Freier U (1995) The chloroplast genome of a chlorophyll a + c-containing alga, Odontella sinensis. Plant Mol Biol Rep 13: 336–342
Krebs C, Agar JN, Smith AD, Frazzon J, Dean DR, Huynh BH and Johnson MK (2001) IscA, an alternate scaffold for Fe/S cluster biosynthesis. Biochemistry 40: 14069–14080
Kushnir S, Babiyachuk E, Storozhenko S, Davey M, Papenbrock J, De Rycke RR, Engler G, Stephan U, Lange H, Kispal G, Lill R and Montagu MV (2001) A mutation of the mitochondrial ABC transporter Sta1 leads to dwarfism and chlorosis in the Arabidopsis mutant Starik. Plant Cell 13: 89–100
Lang T and Kesseler D (1999) Evidence for cystine persulfide as reaction product of l-cyst(e)ine C-S-lyase (C-DES) from Synechocystis. Analysis using cystine analogues and recombinant C-DES. J Biol Chem 274: 189–195
Léon S, Touraine B, Briat JF and Lobreaux. S (2002) The AtNFS2 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a NifS-like plastidial cysteine desulphurase. Biochem J 366: 557–564
Léon S, Touraine B, Ribot C, Briat JF and Lobreaux S (2003) Iron–sulfur cluster assembly in plants: distinct NFU proteins in mitochondria and plastids from Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochem J 371: 823–830
Lezhneva L, Amann K and Meurer J (2004) The universally conserved HCF101 protein is involved in assembly of [4Fe–4S]-cluster-containing complexes in Arabidopsis thaliana chloroplasts. Plant J 37: 174–185
Li H, Theg SM, Bauerle CM and Keegstra K (1990) Metal-ion-center assembly of ferredoxin and plastocyanin in isolated chloroplasts. Pro Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 6748–6752
Lill R and Kispal G (2000) Maturation of cellular Fe/S proteins: the essential function of mitochondria. Trends Biochem Sci 25: 352–356
Lill R and Mühlenhoff U (2005) Iron–sulfur-protein biogenesis in eukaryotes. Trends Biochem Sci 30: 133–141
Lima CD (2002) Analysis of the E. coli NifS CsdB protein at 2.0 Å reveals the structure basis for perselenide and persulfide intermediate formation. J Mol Biol 315: 1199–1208
Loiseau L, Ollagnier-De-Choudens S, Nachin L, Fonteave M and Barras F (2003) Biogenesis of Fe/S cluster by the bacterial Suf system. SufS and SufE form a new type of cysteine desulfurase. J Biol Chem 278: 38352–38359
Malkin R and Rabinowitz J (1966) The reconstitution of Clostridial ferredoxin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 23: 822–827
Martens EC, Gawronski-salerno J, Vokal DL, Pellitteri MC, Menard ML and Goodrich-Blair H (2003) Xenorhabdus nematophila required an intact iscRSUA-hscBA-fdx operon to colonize Steinernema carpocapsae Nematodes. J Bacteriol 185: 3678–3682
Masclaux C and Experts D (1995) Signalling potential of iron in plant microbe interactions: the pathogenic switch of iron transport in Erwinia chrysanthemi. Plant J 7: 121–128
Mehari TK, Parrett G, Warren PV and Golbeck JH (1991) Reconstitution of the iron–sulfur clusters in the isolated FA/FB protein: EPR spectral characterization of same-species and cross-species Photosystem I complexes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1056: 139–148
Mihara H and Esaki N (2002) Bacterial cysteine desulfurase: their function and mechanisms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 60: 12–23
Mihara K, Maeda M, Fujii T, Kurihara T, Hata Y and Esaki N (1999) A nifS-like gene, csdB, encodes an Escherichia coli counterpart of mammalian slenocysteine lyase. Gene cloning, purification, characterization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies. J Biol Chem 274: 14768–14772
Mihara H, Kato S-I, Lacouriere GM, Stadtman TC, Kennedy RA, Kurihara T, Tokumoto U, Takahashi Y and Esaki N (2002) The iscS gene is essential for the biosynthesis of 2-selenouridine in tRNA and selenocysteine-containing formate dehydrogenase H. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 6679–6683
Møller SG, Kunkel T and Chau NH (2001) A plastidic ABC protein involved in intercompartmental communication of light signaling. Genes Dev 15: 90–103
Morimoto K, Nishio K and Nakai M (2002) Identification of a novel prokaryotic HEAT-repeats-containing protein which interacts with a cyanobacterial IscA homolog. FEBS Lett 519: 123–127
Mühlenhoff U and Lill R (2000) Biogenesis of iron–sulfur proteins in eukaryotes: a novel task of mitochondria that is inherited from bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta 1459: 370–382
Nachin L, Hassouni M, Loiseau L, Expert LD and Barras F (2001) SoxR-dependent response to oxidative stress and virulence of Erwinia chrysanthemi: the key role of SufC, an orphan ABC ATPase. Mol Microbiol 39: 960–972
Nachin L, Loiseau L, Expert LD and Barras F (2003) SufC: an unorthodox cytoplasmic ABC/ATPase required for [Fe/S] biogenesis under oxidative stress. EMBO J 22: 427–437
Nakamura M, Saeki K and Takahashi Y (1999) Hyperproduction of recombinant ferredoxins in Escherichia coli by coexpression of the ORF1–ORF2–iscS–iscU–iscA–hscB–hscA–fdx--ORF3 gene cluster. J Biochem 126: 10–18
Natarajan K and Cowan JA (1997) Identification of a key intermediate of relevance to iron–sulfur cluster biosynthesis. Mechanism of cluster assembly and implication for protein folding. J Am Chem Soc 119: 4082–4083
Nishio K and Nakai M (2000) Transfer of iron–sulfur cluster from NifU to apoprotein. J Biol Chem 275: 22615–22618
Ohta N, Matsuzaki M, Misumi O, Miyagishima SY, Nozaki H, Tanaka K, Shin-I T, Kohara Y and Kuroiwa T (2003) Complete sequence and analysis of the plastid genome of the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. DNA Res 10: 67–77
Ollagnier-de-Choudens S, Mattioli T, Takahashi Y and Fontecave M (2001) Iron–sulfur cluster assembly. Characterization of IscA and evidence for a specific and functional complex with ferredoxin. J Biol Chem 276: 22604–22607
Outten FW, Wood MJ, Munoz FM and Storz G (2003) The SufE protein and the SufBCD complex enhance SufS cysteine desulfurase activity as part of a sulfur transfer pathway for Fe/S cluster assembly in E. coli. J Biol Chem 278: 45713–45719
Patzer SI and Hantke K (1999) SufS is a NifS-like protein, and SufD is necessary for stability of the [2Fe–2S] FhuF protein in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 181: 3307–3309
Pilon-Smits EA, Garifullina GF, Abdel-Ghany S, Kato S, Mihara H, Hale KL, Burkhead J, Esaki N, Kurihara T and Pilon M (2002) Characterization of a NifS-like chloroplast protein from Arabidopsis. Implications for its role in sulfur and selenium metabolism. Plant Physiol 130: 1309–1318
Pomposiello PJ and Demple B (2001) Redox-operated genetic switches: the SoxR and OxyR transcription factors. Trends Biotechnol 19: 109–114
Ramelot TA, Cort JR, Goldsmith-Fischman S, Kornhaber GJ, Xiao R, Shastry R, Acton TB, Honig B, Montelione GT and Kennedy MA (2004) Solution NMR structure of the iron–sulfur cluster assembly protein U (IscU) with zinc bound at the active site. J Mol Biol 344: 567–583
Rangachari K, Davis CT, Eccleston JF, Hirst EMA, Saldanha JW, Strath M and Wilson RJM (2002) SufC hydrolyzes ATP and interacts with SufB from Thermotoga maritime. FEBS Lett 514: 225–228
Reith ME and Munholland J (1995) Complete nucleotide sequence of the Porphyra purpurea chloroplast genome. Plant Mol Biol Rep 13: 333–335
Sakuragi Y, Zybailov B, Shen G, Bryant DA, Golbeck JH, Diner BA, Karygina I, Pushkar Y and Stehlik D. (2005) Recruitment of a foreign quinone into the A1 site of Photosystem I. Characterization of a menB rubA double deletion mutant in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 devoid of FX, FA, and FB and containing plastoquinone or exchanged 9,10-anthraquinone. J. Biol Chem 280: 12371–12381
Schilke B, Voisine H and Craig E (1999) Evidence for a conserved system for iron metabolism in the mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 10206–10211
Schubert WD, Klukas O, Krauβ N and Saenger W (1997) Photosystem I of Synechococcus elongatus at 4 Å resolution: comprehensive structure analysis. J Mol Biol 272: 741–769
Schürmann P and Buchanan BB (2001) The structure and function of the ferredoxin/thioredoxin system in photosynthesis. In: Aro EM and Andersson B (eds) Regulation of Photosynthesis, pp 331–361. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands
Schwartz CJ, Djaman O, Imlay JA and Kiley PJ (2000) The cysteine desulfurase, IscS, has a major role in in vivo Fe/S cluster formation in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 9009–9014
Schwartz CJ, Giel JL, Patschkowski T, Luther TC, Ruzicka FJ, Beinert H and Kiley PJ (2001) IscR, an Fe/S cluster-containing transcription factor, represses expression of Escherichia coli genes encoding Fe/S cluster assembly proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 14895–14900
Shen G and Bryant DA (1995) Characterization of a Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002 mutant lacking Photosystem I. Protein assembly and energy distribution in the absence of the Photosystem I reaction center core complex. Photosynth Res 44: 41–53
Shen G, Boussiba S and Vermaas WFJ (1993) Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 strains lacking Photosystem I and phycobilisome function. Plant Cell 5: 1853–1863
Shen G, Zhao J, Reimer SK, Antonkine ML, Cai Q, Weiland SM, Golbeck JH and Bryant DA (2002a) Assembly of Photosystem I. I. Inactivation of the rubA gene encoding a membrane-associated rubredoxin in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 causes a loss of photosystem I activity. J Biol Chem 277: 20343–20354
Shen G, Antonkine ML, van der Est A, Vassiliev IR, Brettel K, Bittl R, Zech SG, Zhao J, Stehlik D, Bryant DA and Golbeck JH (2002b) Assembly of Photosystem I. II. Rubredoxin is required for the in vivo assembly of FX in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 as shown by optical and EPR spectroscopy. J Biol Chem 277: 20355–20366
Shen G, Balasubramanian R, Wang T, Tirupati B, Bollinger JM, Golbeck JH and Bryant DA (2004) Functional genomics of genes for the biogenesis of Fe/S proteins in cyanobacteria. In: van der Est R and Bruce D (eds) Photosynthesis: Fundamental Aspects to Global Perspectives, Vol II, pp 882–884. Alliance Communication Group Publisher
Silberg JJ, Hoff KG, Tapley TL and Vickery LE (2001) The Fe/S assembly protein IscU behaves as a substrate for the molecular chaperone Hsc66 from Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem 276: 1696–1700
Smith AD, Agar JN, Johnson KA, Frazzon J, Amster IJ, Dean DR, and Johnson MK (2001) Sulfur transfer from IscS to IscU: the first step in iron–sulfur cluster biosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc 123: 11103–11104
Stirewalt VL, Michalowski CB, Löffelhardt W, Bohnert HJ and Bryant DA (1995) Nucleotide sequence of the cyanelle genome from Cyanophora paradoxa. Plant Mol Biol Rep 13: 327–332
Stöckel J and Oelmöller R (2004) A novel protein for photosystem I biogenesis. J Biol Chem 279: 10243–10251
Tachezy J, Sanchez LB and Muller M (2001) Mitochondrial type iron–sulfur cluster assembly in the amitochondriate eukaryotes Trichomonas vaginalis and Giardia intestinalis, as indicated by the phylogeny of IscS. Mol Biol Evol 18: 1919–1928
Takahashi Y and Nakamura M (1999) Functional assignment of the ORF2–iscR–iscS–iscU–iscA–hscBhscA–fdx–ORF3 gene cluster involved in the assembly of Fe/S clusters in Escherichia coli. J Biochem 126: 917–926
Takahashi Y and Tokumoto U (2002) A third bacterial system for the assembly of iron–sulfur clusters with homologs in archaea and plastids. J Biol Chem 277: 28380–38383
Takahashi Y, Mitsui A and Matsubara H (1986) Formation of the iron–sulfur cluster of ferredoxin in isolated chloroplasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 2434–2437
Takahashi Y, Mitsui A and Matsubara H (1991a) Formation of the iron–sulfur cluster of ferredoxin in lysed spinach chloroplasts. Plant Physiol 95: 97–103
Takahashi Y, Mitsui A, Fujita Y and Matsubara H (1991b) Roles of ATP and NADPH in formation of the Fe/S cluster of spinach ferredoxin. Plant Physiol 95: 104–110
Tirupati B, Vey JL, Drennan CL and Bollinger JM (2004) Kinetics and structural characterization of Slr0077/SufS, the essential cysteine desulfurase from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Biochemistry 43: 12210–12219
Tokumoto U and Takahashi Y (2001) Genetic analysis of the isc operon in Escherichia coli involved in the biogenesis of cellular iron–sulfur proteins. J Biochem 130: 63–71
Tokumoto U, Nomura S, Minami Y, Mihara H, Kato S, Kurihara T, Esaki N, Kanazawa H, Matsubara H and Takahashi Y (2002) Network of protein–protein interactions among iron–sulfur cluster assembly proteins in Escherichia coli. J Biochem 131: 713–719
Touraine B, Boutin JP, Marion-Poll A, Briat JF, Peltier G and Lobreaux S (2004) Nfu2: a scaffold protein required for [4Fe–4S] and ferredoxin iron–sulfur cluster assembly in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Plant J 40: 101–111
Vassiliev IR, Antonkine ML and Golbeck JH (2001) Iron–sulfur clusters in type I reaction centers. Biochim Biophys Acta 1507: 139–160
Vickery IE, Silberg JJ and Ta DT (1997) Hsc66 and Hsc20, a new heat shock cognate molecular chaperone system from Escherichia coli. Protein Sci 6: 1047–1056
Wang T, Shen G, Balasubramanian R, McIntosh L, Bryant DA and Golbeck JH (2004) The sufR gene (sll0088 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803) functions as a repressor of the sufBCDS operon in iron–sulfur cluster biogenesis in cyanobacteria. J Bacteriol 186: 956–967
Wastl J, Duin EC, Iuzzolino L, Dörner W, Link T, Hoffmann S, Sticht H, Dau H, Lingelbach K and Maier UG (2000) Eukaryotically encoded and chloroplast-located rubredoxin is associated with photosystem II. J Biol Chem 275: 30058–30063
Watanabe S, Kita A and Miki K (2005) Crystal structure of atypical cytoplasmic ABC-ATPase SufC from Thermus thermophilius HB8. J Mol Biol 353: 1043–1054
Whitney SM and Andrews J (2001) Gene Bank Accession #AAF81679
Wilson RJM, Rangachari K, Saldanha JW, Rickman L, Buxton RS and Eccleston JF (2002) Parasite plastids: maintenance and functions. Phil Trans Res Soc Lond B 358: 155–164
Wollenberg M, Berndt C, Bill E, Schwenn JD and Seidler A (2003) A dimer of the FeS cluster biosynthesis protein IscA from cyanobacterial binds a [2Fe2S] cluster between two protomers and transfer it to [2Fe–2S] and [4Fe–4S] apo proteins. Eur J Biochem 270: 1662–1671
Xu X and Møller SG (2004) AtNAP7 is a plastidic SufC-like ATP-binding cassette/ATPase essential for Arabidopsis embryogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 9143–9148
Xu XM, Adams S, Chau NH and Møller SG (2005) AtNAP1 represents an atypical SufB protein in Arabidopsis plastids. J Biol Chem 280: 6648–6654
Yu J, Shen G, Wang T, Bryant DA, Golbeck JH and McIntosh L (2003) Suppressor mutations in the study of Photosystem I biogenesis: sll0088 is a previously unidentified gene involved in reaction center accumulation in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. J Bacteriol 185: 3878–3887
Yu J, Vassiliev IR, Jung YS, Golbeck JH and McIntosh L (1997) Strains of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 with altered PsaC. J Biol Chem 272: 8032–8039
Yuvaniyama P, Agar JN, Cash VL, Johnson MK and Dean DR (2000) NifS-directed assembly of a transient [2Fe–2S] cluster within the NifU protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 599–604
Zheng L, White RH, Cash VL, Jack RF and Dean DR (1993) Cysteine desulfurase activity indicates a role for NIFS in metallocluster biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 2754–2758
Zheng L, Cash, VL, Flint DH and Dean DR (1998) Assembly of iron–sulfur clusters. Identification of an iscSUA-hscBA-fdx gene cluster from Azotobacter vinelandii. J Biol Chem 273: 13264–13272
Zheng M, Wang X, Temleton LJ, Smulski DR, LaRossa RA and Storz G (2001) DNA microarray-mediated transcriptional profiling of the Escherichia coli response to hydrogen peroxide. J Bacteriol 183: 4562–4570
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Shen, G., Golbeck, J.H. (2006). Assembly of the Bound Iron–Sulfur Clusters in Photosystem I. In: Golbeck, J.H. (eds) Photosystem I. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 24. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4256-0_31
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4256-0_31
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-4255-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-4256-0
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)