Abstract
From april 1941, the Yugoslav Jewish community was the target of the brutal anti-Semitic policies of the occupying forces and local collaborators. During the four war years, 60,000 people, 80% of the community, were killed at places of execution and in death camps in Yugoslavia or in territories of the German Reich. Some 3,000–5,000 Jews — foreign nationals and refugees from Germany, Austria and Czechoslovakia — were in Yugoslavia when the war broke out. Most of them perished. Of the 121 Jewish communes that existed in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia until 1941, many lost the majority of their members during the war or were completely extinguished. Between 8,000 and 10,000 Yugoslav Jewish citizens survived the war by hiding, fleeing or being interned in Italy.
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Meir Michaelis, Mussolini and the Jews. German—Italian Relations and the Jewish Question 1922–1945 (London 1978);
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Jehuda Bauer, American Jewry, 284; Jean-Claude Favez, Das Internationale Rote Kreutz und das Dritte Reich. War der Holocaust aufzuhalten? (München, 1989): 362–371.
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Dalia Ofer, ‘The Activities of the Jewish Agency Delegation in Istanbul in 1943’, in: ‘Rescue Attempts During the Holocaust. Proceedings of the Second Yad Vashem International Historical Conference, Yad Vashem’, Jerusalem, 1977
Ženi Lebl, ‘Kindertransport iz NDH’ (‘Children Transport from Independent State of Croatia’), ‘Bilten Udruženja Jevreja iz bivse Jugoslavije u Izraelu’. god. 41, br.4, 1. 12. 1994, 15–18.
Sharon R. Lowenstein, Token Refuge, The Story of the Jewish Refugee Shelter at Oswego, 1944–1946 (Bloomington, 1986).
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Ristović, M. (2001). Yugoslav Jews Fleeng the Holocaust, 1941–1945. In: Roth, J.K., Maxwell, E., Levy, M., Whitworth, W. (eds) Remembering for the Future. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-66019-3_33
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