Abstract
One of the central goals of the clinician caring for critically ill patients is to maintain hemodynamic stability. This requires knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the autonomic nervous system, the cardiovascular system, and their interaction. This chapter reviews the autonomic innervation of the heart and peripheral circulation and the cardiovascular effects of the vasoactive amines and various inotropes.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lawson NW, Meyer DJ. Autonomic nervous system: physiology and pharmacology. In: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK, editors. Clinical anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincot-Raven; 1997. p. 243–309.
Rozec B, Gauthier C. beta3-adrenoceptors in the cardiovascular system: putative roles in human pathologies. Pharmacol Ther. 2006;111:652–673.
Strosberg AD. Association of beta-3-adrenoceptor polymorphism with obesity and diabetes: current status. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1997;18:449–455.
Shihara N, Yasuda K, Moritani T, et al. The association between Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta 3-adrenergic receptor and autonomic nervous system activity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999;84:1623–1627.
Oliver G, Schäfer EA. The physiological effects of extracts of the suprarenal capsules. J Physiol. 1895;18:230–276.
Hoffman BB, Lefkowitz RJ. Cathecolamines, sympathomimetic drugs, and adrenergic receptor antagonists. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Molinoff PB, Ruddon RW, Gilman GA, editors. Goodman & Gilman’s: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1996. p. 199–248.
Stoelting RK, Hiller SC. Pharmacology and physiology in anesthetic practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006. p. 292–310.
DiSesa VJ. The rational selection of inotropic drugs in cardiac surgery. J Card Surg. 1987;2:385–406.
Struthers AD, Reid JL. The role of adrenal medullary cathecolamines in potassium homeostasis. Clin Sci. 1984;66:377–382.
Van Maanen EF, Banning JW, Roebel LE, Morgan JP. Dopamine and norepinephrine increase venous return by stimulating alpha and beta adrenoreceptors in the dog. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1988;11:627–634.
Beale RJ, Hollenberg SM, Vincent JL, Parrillo JE. Vasopressor and inotropic support in septic shock: an evidence-based review. Crit Care Med. 2004;32:S455–S465.
Di Giantomasso D, Morimatsu H, May CN, Bellomo R. Intrarenal blood flow distribution in hyperdynamic septic shock: effect of norepinephrine. Crit Care Med. 2003;31:2509–2513.
Martin C, Vivand X, Leone M, et al. Effect of norepinephrine on the outcome of septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2000;28:2758–2765.
Sumikawa K, Hayashi K, Yamatodani A, Yoshiya I. Contribution of the lungs to the clearance of exogenous dopamine in humans. Anesth Analg. 1991;72:622–626.
Goldberg LI, Rajfer S. Dopamine receptors: applications in clinical cardiology. Circulation. 1985;72:245–248.
Baldwin L, Henderson A, Hickman P. Effect of postoperative low-dose dopamine on renal function after elective major vascular surgery. Ann Intern Med. 1994;120:744–747.
Hilberman M, Maseda J, Stinson E, et al. The diuretic properties of dopamine in patients after open heart operation. Anesthesiology. 1984;61:489–494.
Goldberg L. Cardiovascular and renal actions of dopamine: potential clinical applications. Pharmacol Rev. 1972;24:1–29.
Thompson BT, Cockrill BA. Renal-dose dopamine: a Siren song? Lancet. 1994;334:7–8.
Gelman S. Mushlin PS Catecholamine-induced changes in the splanchic circulation affecting systemic hemodynamics. Anesthesiology. 2004;100:434–439.
Van den Berghe G, de Zegher F. Anterior pituitary function during critical illness and dopamine treatment. Crit Care Med. 1996;24:1580–1590.
Van den Berghe G, de Zegher F, Wouters P, et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in critical illness: effect of dopamine. Clin Endocrinol. 1995;43:457–463.
Devins S, Miller A, Herndon BL, et al. Effects of dopamine on T-lymphocyte proliferative responses and serum prolactin concentrations in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 1992;20:1644–1649.
DiSesa V, Brown E, Mudge GH, et al. Hemodynamic comparison of dopamine and dobutamine in the postoperative volume-loaded, pressure-loaded, and normal ventricle. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1982;83:256–263.
Butterworth JF, Piccione W, Berrizbeitia LD, et al. Augmentation of venous return by adrenergic agonists during spinal anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1986;65:612–616.
Stoelting RK, Hiller SC. Pharmacology and physiology in anesthetic practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006. p. 317–318.
Lewis KP. Early intervention of inotropic support in facilitating weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass: the New England Deaconess Hospital experience. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1993;7:40–45.
Lewis KP. The use of amrinone in noncardiac anesthesia. J Cardiothorac Anesth. 1990;4(5) Suppl 5:34–40.
Leier CV. General overview and update of positive inotropic therapy. Am J Med. 1986;81(Suppl 4C):40–45.
Feneck RO, et al. Intravenous milrinone following cardiac surgery: II. Influence of baseline hemodynamics and patient factors on therapeutic response. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1992;6:563–567.
Treschan TA, Peters J. The vasopressin system: physiology and clinical strategies. Anesthesiology. 2006;105:599–612.
Laundry DW, Levin HR, Gallant EM, et al. Vasopressin deficiency contributes to the vasodilation of septic shock. Circulation. 1997;95:1122–1125.
Patel BM, Chittock DR, Russell JA, et al. Beneficial effects of short-term vasopressin infusion during severe septic shock. Anesthesiology. 2002;96:576–582.
Sharshar T, Carlier R, Blanchard A, et al. Depletion of neurohypophyseal content of vasopressin in septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2002;30:497–500.
Holmes CL, Granton JT, Landry DW. Science Review: Vasopressin and the cardiovascular system part 2 – clinical physiology. Crit Care. 2004;8:15–23.
Malay MB, Ashton RC Jr, Landry DW, Townsend RN. Low-dose vasopressin in the treatment of vasodilatory septic shock. J Trauma. 1999;47:699–703.
Masutani S, Senzaki H, Ishido H, et al. Vasopressin in the treatment of vasodilatory shock in children. Pediatr Int. 2005;47:132–136.
Morales DL, Gregg D, Helman DN, et al. Arginin vasopressin in the treatment of 50 patients with postcardiotomy vasodilatory shock. Ann Thorac Surg. 2000;69:102–106.
Chen JM, Cullinane S, Spanier TB, et al. Vasopressin deficiency and pressor hypersensitivity in hemodynamically unstable organ donors. Circulation. 1999;100:II244–II246.
ECC Committee, Subcommittees and Task Forces of the American Heart Association. 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2005;112:IV1–IV203.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lewis, K.P., Gonzalez, R.M., Balonov, K. (2010). Vasoactive Amines and Inotropic Agents. In: O’Donnell, J.M., Nácul, F.E. (eds) Surgical Intensive Care Medicine. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77893-8_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77893-8_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-77892-1
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-77893-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)