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Fungal-Mediated Biodegradation of Ingredients in Personal Care Products

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Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment

Abstract

Many efforts have been devoted in developing technologies to remove emerging organic pollutants from freshwater systems. This chapter examined the applications of the environmental friendly technology based on fungal-mediated treatment for the degradation of ingredients in personal care products (PCPs), which are frequently detected at relevant concentrations in the aquatic environment. PCPs are daily-use products used in large quantity that includes several groups of substances (UV filters, preservatives, fragrances, etc.). Removal efficiencies reported varied significantly among different experimental set-up, organic substance, and type of fungi. The mechanisms and factors governing the degradation of PCPs by fungi, mainly white-rot fungi and their specific lignin-modifying enzymes, are reviewed and discussed. Beyond, the identification of the intermediate products and metabolites produced as well as the degradation pathways available for some PCPs are presented.

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Abbreviations

1-HBT:

1-Hydroxybenzotriazole

4DHB:

4-Dihydroxybenzophenone

4-MBC:

4-Methylbenzylidene camphor

ABTS:

2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid

AOPs:

Advanced oxidation processes

BP1:

Benzophenone 1

BP3:

Benzophenone 3

CAS:

Conventional activated sludge

CLEAs:

Cross-linking of enzyme aggregates

dw:

Dry weight

DEET:

N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide

DMP:

2,6-Dimethoxyphenol

EDC:

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals

FBR:

Fluidized bed reactor

GOD:

Glucose oxidase

K m :

Michaelis–Menten constant

K ow :

Octanol–water partition coefficient

l.w.:

Lipid weight

LIPs:

Lignin peroxidases

LMEs:

Lignin-modifying enzymes

MBR:

Membrane bioreactor

MnPs:

Manganese-dependent peroxidases

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem mass spectrometry

NCPA:

N-(4-Cyanophenyl)acetohydroxamic acid

NHA:

N-Hydroxyacetanilide

OC:

Octocrylene

PAHs:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

PBR:

Packed bed reactor

PCBs:

Polychlorinated biphenyls

PCPs:

Personal care products

PEG:

Poly-(ethylene glycol)

POPs:

Persistent organic pollutants

TCS:

Triclosan

TNT:

Trinitrotoluene

TrOC:

Trace organic contaminant

UV-F:

UV filters

VP:

Versatile peroxidases

WRF:

White-rot fungi

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Acknowledgements

This work has been financially supported by the Generalitat de Catalunya (Consolidated Research Group “2014 SGR 418 – Water and Soil Quality Unit”).

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Correspondence to M. Silvia Díaz-Cruz .

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Díaz-Cruz, M.S., Gago-Ferrero, P., Badia-Fabregat, M., Caminal, G., Vicent, T., Barceló, D. (2014). Fungal-Mediated Biodegradation of Ingredients in Personal Care Products. In: Díaz‐Cruz, M., Barceló, D. (eds) Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 36. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2014_329

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