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The regulation of stress-activated MAP kinase signalling by protein phosphatases

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Stress-Activated Protein Kinases

Part of the book series: Topics in Current Genetics ((TCG,volume 20))

Abstract

The regulated dephosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) is a key determinant of the biological outcome of signalling. Because MAPKs require phosphorylation on both threonine and tyrosine residues for activation, they are potential substrates for all three major classes of protein phosphatase. These include serine/threonine phosphatases, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and a dedicated subfamily of dual-specificity thr/tyr MAPK phosphatases (MKPs). This review summarises genetic and biochemical studies in model organisms including yeasts, Drosophila, and C. elegans, which have provided evidence for a complex interplay between upstream activators and these enzymes in regulating stress responsive MAPK pathways. Such studies have provided important insights into the regulation of the stress-responsive JNK and p38 MAPK pathways in mammals, where genetic experiments are beginning to reveal important roles for dual-specificity MKPs in regulating diverse physiological endpoints. These include resistance to environmental stress, immune function, and metabolic homeostasis.

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  1. Cancer Research UK Stress Response Laboratory, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, DD1 9SY, Dundee, UK

    Stephen M. Keyse

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Correspondence to Stephen M. Keyse .

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Francesc Posas Angel R. Nebreda

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Keyse, S.M. (2007). The regulation of stress-activated MAP kinase signalling by protein phosphatases. In: Posas, F., Nebreda, A.R. (eds) Stress-Activated Protein Kinases. Topics in Current Genetics, vol 20. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/4735_2007_0240

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