Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A New Type of Frequency Chain and Its Application to Fundamental Frequency Metrology

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Hydrogen Atom

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 570))

Abstract

A suitable femtosecond (fs) laser system can provide a broad band comb of stable optical frequencies and thus can serve as an rf/optical coherent link. In this way we have performed a direct comparison of the 1S—2S transition in atomic hydrogen at 121 nm with a cesium fountain clock, built at the LPTF/Paris, to reach an accuracy of 1.9×10-14. The same comb-line counting technique was exploited to determine and recalibrate several important optical frequency standards. In particular, the improved measurement of the Cesium D1 line is necessary for a more precise determination of the fine structure constant. In addition, several of the best-known optical frequency standards have been recalibrated via the fs method. By creating an octave-spanning frequency comb a single-laser frequency chain has been realized and tested.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. J.N. Eckstein, A.I. Ferguson, and T.W. Hänsch: Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 847 (1978)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. D.E. Spence, CP.N. Kean, and W. Sibbett: Opt. Lett. 16, 42 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. F. Krausz, M.F. Fermann, T. Brabec, P.F. Curley, M. Hofer, M.H. Ober, C. Spielmann, E. Wintner, and A.J. Schmidt: IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 28, 2097 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. M.T. Asaki, C.P. Huang, D. Garvey, J.P. Zhou, H.C. Kapteyn and M.M. Murnane: Opt. Lett. 18, 977 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. U. Morgner, F.X. Kärtner, S.H. Cho, Y. Chen, H.A. Haus, J.G. Fujimoto, E.P. Ippen, V. Scheuer, G. Angelow, and T. Tschudi: Opt. Lett. 24, 411 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. D.H. Sutter, L. Gallmann, M. Matuschek, F. Morier-Genoud, V. Scheuer, G. Angelow, T. Tschudi, G. Steinmeyer, and U. Keller: Appl. Phys.B 70, 5 (2000)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. J.C. Knight, T.A. Birks, P.St.J. Russell, and D.M. Atkin: Opt. Lett. 21, 1547 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. M.J. Gander, R. McBride, J.D.C. Jones, D. Mogilevtsev, T.A. Birks, J.C. Knight, and P.St.J. Russell: Electron. Lett. 35, 63 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz: Opt. Lett. 25, 25 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. W.J. Wadsworth, J.C. Knight, A. Ortigosa-Blanch, J. Arriaga, E. Silvestre, and P.St.J. Russell: Electron. Lett. 36, 53 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, and A.J. Stentz: ‘Efficient Visible Continuum Generation in Air-Silica Microstructure Optical Fibers with Anomalous Dispersion at 800 nm’. In: Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics CLEO, postdeadline paper CD-8, Washington D.C. (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  12. W.J. Wadsworth, J.C. Knight, A. Ortigosa-Blanch, J. Arriaga, E. Silvestre, B.J. Mangan and P.St.J. Russell: ‘Soliton Effects and Supercontinuum Generation in Photonic Crystal Fibres at 850 nm’. In: Annual Meeting of IEEE Lasers and Optics Society, LEOS, postdeadline paper PD1.5

    Google Scholar 

  13. R. Holzwarth et al.: to be published.

    Google Scholar 

  14. S.A. Diddams, D.J. Jones, S.T. Cundi., J.L. Hall, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, A.J. Stentz: ‘A Direct rf to Optical Frequency Measurement with a Femtosecond Laser Comb spanning 300 THz’. In: Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference QELS, OSA Technical Digest, pp. 109–110.

    Google Scholar 

  15. R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, T.W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, P.St.J. Russell: ‘Broadening of Femtsecond Frequency Combs and Compact Optical to Radio Frequency Conversion’. In: Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics CLEO, OSA Technical Digest, p. 197.

    Google Scholar 

  16. J. Reichert, M. Niering, R. Holzwarth, M. Weitz, Th. Udem, and T.W. Hänsch: Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 3232 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. S.A. Diddams, D.J. Jones, J. Ye, S.T. Cundi., J.L. Hall, J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler, R. Holzwarth, Th. Udem, and T.W. Hänsch: Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5102 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. D.J. Jones, S.A. Diddams, J.K. Ranka, A. Stentz, R.S. Windeler, J.L. Hall, and S.T. Cundi.: Science 288, 635 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Holzwarth, Th. Udem, T.W. Hänsch, J.C. Knight, W.J. Wadsworth, and P.St.J. Russell: Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2264 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. V.P. Chebotayev, and V.A. Ulybin: Appl. Phys.B 50, 1 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. J. Reichert, R. Holzwarth, Th. Udem, and T.W. Hänsch: Opt. Commun. 172, 59 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. R. Szipöcs, and R. Kohazi-Kis: Appl. Phys. B 65, 115 (1997)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. J.N. Eckstein, thesis Stanford University, USA 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  24. D.J. Wineland, J.C. Bergquist, W.M. Itano, F. Diedrich, and C.S Weimer: ‘Frequency Standards in the Optical Spectrum’. In: The Hydrogen Atom ed. by T.W. Hänsch (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1989) pp. 123–133

    Google Scholar 

  25. L. Xu, Ch. Spielmann, A. Poppe, T. Brabec, F. Krausz, and T.W. Hänsch: Opt. Lett. 21, 2008 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. Th. Udem, J. Reichert, R. Holzwarth, and T.W. Hänsch: Opt. Lett. 24, 881 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. G.P. Agrawal: Nonlinear Fiber Optics, (Academic Press, New York 1989)

    Google Scholar 

  28. D. Milam: Applied Optics 37, 546 (1998

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. K. Imai, M. Kourogi, and M. Ohtsu: IEEE Journal Quant. Electr. 34, 54 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. S.A. Diddams, D.J. Jones, L.S. Ma, S.T. Cundi., and J.L. Hall: Opt. Lett. 25, 186 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. M. Niering, R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, P. Pokasov, Th. Udem, M. Weitz, T.W. Hänsch, P. Lemonde, G. Santarelli, M. Abgrall, P. Laurent, C. Salomon, and A. Clairon: Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5496 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. P. Lemonde, P. Laurent, G. Santarelli, M. Abgrall, Y. Sortais, S. Bize, C. Nicolas, S. Zhang, A. Clairon, N. Dimarcq, P. Petit, A. Mann, A. Luiten, S. Chang, and C. Salomon: ‘Cold Atom Clocks on Earth and in Space’. In: Frequency Measurement and Control ed. by A.N. Luiten (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  33. J. Ye, J.L. Hall, and S.A. Diddams: Opt. Lett. 25, 1675 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. D. McIntyre, T. W. Hänsch: Digest of the Annual Meeting of the Optical Society of America, paper ThG3, Washington D.C. (1988) and H.R. Telle, D. Meschede, and T.W. Hänsch: Opt. Lett. 15, 532 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  35. F. Biraben, T.W. Hänsch, M. Fischer, M. Niering, R. Holzwarth, J. Reichert, Th. Udem, M. Weitz, B. deBeauvoir, C. Schwob, L. Jozefowski, L. Hilico, F. Nez, L. Julien, O. Acef, and A. Clairon: this book, pp. 17–41

    Google Scholar 

  36. A. Huber, B. Gross, M. Weitz, and T.W. Hänsch: Phys. Rev. A 59, 1844 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. Th. Udem, A. Huber, B. Gross, J. Reichert, M. Prevedelli, M. Weitz, and T.W. Hänsch: Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2646 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  38. M. Bellini, T.W. Hänsch: Opt. Lett. 25, 1049 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. T. J. Quinn: Metrologia 36, 211 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. D. Touahri, O. Acef, A. Clairon, J.J. Zondy, R. Felder, L. Hilico, B. deBeauvoir, F. Biraben, and F. Nez: Opt. Comm. 133, 471 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. M. Kourogi, B. Widiyatomoko, Y. Takeuchi, and M. Ohtsu: IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 31, 2120 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. J.A. Barnes, A.R. Chi, L.S. Cutler, D.J. Healey, D.B. Leeson, T.E. McGunigal, J.A. Mullen Jr, W.L. Smith, R.L. Sydnor, R.F.C. Vessot, and G.M.R. Winkler: IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 20, 105 (1971)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. P. Lesage: IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 32, 204 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. J. Ye, T.H. Yoon, J.L. Hall, A.A. Madej, J.E. Bernard, K.J. Siemsen, L. Marmet, J.M. Chartier, and A. Chartier: Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3739 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Th. Udem, J. Reichert, R. Holzwarth, and T.W. Hänsch: Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3568 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. T. Kinoshita: Rep. Prog. Phys. 59, 1459 (1996), and references therein.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. P.J. Mohr, and B.N. Taylor: Rev. Mod. Phys. 72, 351 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. A. Peters, K.Y. Chung, B. Young, J. Hensley, and S. Chu: Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 355, 2223 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. D.L. Farnham, R.S. Van Dyck Jr, and P.B. Schwinberg: Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3598 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. M.P. Bradley, J.V. Porto, S. Rainville, J.K. Thompson, and D.E. Pritchard: Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4510 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. P. Pokasov et al.: to be published.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Th. Udem, S. Diddams, K. Vogel, C. Oates, A. Curtis, D. Lee, W. Itano, D. Wineland, J. Bergquist and L. Hollberg: to be published.

    Google Scholar 

  53. T. Becker, M. Eichenseer, A. Yu. Nevsky, E. Peik, C. Schwedes, M.N. Skvortsov, J. von Zanthier, and H. Walther: this edition, pp. 545–553

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching, Germany

    Thomas Udem, Jörg Reichert, Ronald Holzwarth, Scott Diddams, David Jones, Jun Ye, Steven Cundiff, Theodor Hänsch & John Hall

Authors
  1. Thomas Udem
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jörg Reichert
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ronald Holzwarth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Scott Diddams
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. David Jones
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jun Ye
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Steven Cundiff
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Theodor Hänsch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. John Hall
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. D.I. Mendeleev Institute for Metrology, 198005, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Savely G. Karshenboim

  2. MPI for Quantum Optics, 85748, Garching, Germany

    Savely G. Karshenboim  & T.W. Hänsch  & 

  3. Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, Pisa, Italy

    F. Bassani

  4. Dept.of Physics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy

    F.S. Pavone

  5. LENS and INFM, University of Florence, 50125, Florence, Italy

    F.S. Pavone

  6. Dept. of Physics and LENS, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    M. Inguscio

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Udem, T. et al. (2001). A New Type of Frequency Chain and Its Application to Fundamental Frequency Metrology. In: Karshenboim, S.G., Bassani, F., Pavone, F., Inguscio, M., Hänsch, T. (eds) The Hydrogen Atom. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 570. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45395-4_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45395-4_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-41935-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45395-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation